3. Leukocyte and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF)

The second platelet concentrate type is leukocyte and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF), which is known as leukocyte and platelet-rich fibrin concentrate, called Choukroun's PRF. This product was invented by Choukroun in 2000 [1, 2]. The main concept of this technique differs from the other protocols. Patient's blood is taken and immediately softly centrifuged. This provides the formation of a fibrin clot in the middle of the tube, between the red blood cell base at the bottom and the acellular plasma at the top. This clot includes nearly all the platelets and more than 50% of the leukocytes from the initial blood harvest [5, 6]. The high quantity of leukocytes provides immune and antibacterial properties, wound healing and growth factor regulation. But, it depends on which leukocytes, in which quantity and in which state the centrifugation process can softly activate the white blood cells [7]. This product therefore only exists in an activated form and cannot be injected like a suspension. Therefore, L-PRF is a practical solid material with strong fibrin scaffold and used in oral and maxillofacial surgery, periodontology, implant dentistry and ear nose throat surgery [6].
