**1. Introduction**

342 Learning Disabilities

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This chapter will address the oral health needs of people with learning disabilities and access to oral healthcare, drawing on policy, research and action in the UK. It will provide insight to the principles and practice of dental care including the creation a new dental specialty, 'Special Care Dentistry'. This dental specialty was developed to provide oral health care for vulnerable people including those with a learning disability; it provides a case study of a public health approach to developing specialist services. The case study highlights how the process has significantly improved the profile of the oral health needs of vulnerable adults in general, including people with a learning disability. The importance of promoting health using the common risk factor approach and empowering people with a disability to make healthy choices is stressed, drawing on the current evidence base. The chapter concludes with the challenges for the future which will be pertinent to those involved in the care of people with a disability worldwide.
