**Author details**

Sanjeev Mulekar\*, Madhulika Mhatre and Swapnil Mulekar Mulekar Vitiligo Clinic, Mumbai, India

\*Address all correspondence to: mulekar@gmail.com

© 2019 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

**65**

*Depigmentation Therapies in Vitiligo*

[1] Alghamdi KM, Kumar A.

Venereology. 2011;**25**:749-757

**References**

2006;**19**:550-571

2012;**78**:49-58

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.84271*

Depigmentation therapies for normal skin in vitiligo universalis. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and [10] Charlin R, Barcaui CB, Kac BK, Soares DB, Rabello Fonseca R, Azulay-Abulafia L. Hydroquinone induced exogenous ochronosis: A report of four cases and usefulness of dermoscopy. International Journal of Dermatology.

[11] Radmanesh M. Depigmentation of the normally pigmented patches in universal vitiligo patients by cryotherapy. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. 2000;**14**:149-152

[12] Duhra P, Foulds IS. Persistent vitiligo induced by diphencyprone. The British Journal of Dermatology.

[13] Njoo M, Menke H, Pavel S, et al. N-acetylcysteine as a bleaching agent in the treatment of melasma. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology

[14] Nair X, Parab P, Suhr L, Tramposch KM. Combination of 4-hydroxy-anisole and all-trans retinoic acid produces synergistic skin depigmentation in swine. The Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 1993;**101**:145-149

[15] Kasraee B, Handjani F, Aslani FS. Enhancement of the depigmenting

Dermatology. 2003;**206**:289-291

[16] Njoo MD, Vodegel RM, Westerhof W. Depigmentation therapy in vitiligo universalis with topical 4-methoxyphenol and the Q-switched ruby laser. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.

2000;**42**:760-769

4-hydroxyanisole by all-trans-retinoic acid (tretinoin): The impairment of glutathione-dependent cytoprotection?

[17] Zanini M. Depigmentation therapy for generalized vitiligo with topical 88%

effect of hydroquinone and

and Venereology. 1997;**9**:86

2008;**47**:19-23

1990;**123**:415-416

[2] Nordlund JJ. Depigmentation for the treatment of extensive vitiligo. In: Hann SK, Nordlund JJ, editors. Vitiligo. Lucon: Blackwell Science; 2000. pp. 207-213

[3] Solano F, Briganti S, Picardo M, et al. Hypopigmenting agents: An updated review on biological, chemical and clinical aspects. Pigment Cell Research.

[4] Drake LA, Dinehart SM, Farmer ER, Goltz RW, Graham GF, Hordinsky MK, et al. Guidelines of care for vitiligo. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1996;**35**:620-626

[5] Van doon Boorn JG, Melief CJ, Luiten RM. Monobenzone induced depigmentation: From enzymatic blockade to autoimmunity. Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research. 2011;**24**:673-679

[6] Gupta D, Kumari R, Thappa DM. Depigmentation therapies in vitiligo. Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology.

[7] Kasraee B, Fallahi MR, Ardekani GS, Doroudchi G, Omrani GR, Handjani S, et al. Retinoic acid synergistically enhances the melanocytotoxic and depigmenting effects of MBEH in black Guinea pigs skin. Experimental Dermatology. 2006;**15**:509-514

[8] Bolognia JL, Lapia BK, Somma S. Depigmentation therapy.

[9] Lyon CC, Beck MH. Contact hypersensitivity to monobenzyl ether of hydroquinone used to treat vitiligo. Contact Dermatitis. 1998;**39**:132-156

Dermatologic Therapy. 2001;**14**:29-34

*Depigmentation Therapies in Vitiligo DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.84271*
