Human Herpesvirus Simples

*Human Herpesvirus Infection - Biological Features, Transmission, Symptoms, Diagnosis...*

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**Chapter 2**

**Abstract**

prevention

**1. Introduction**

**2. Herpes virus**

the risks of painful relapse.

protrude on the surface.

*Maria Alessandra Sotgiu*

Sunlight and Herpes Virus

*Vittorio Mazzarello, Marco Ferrari, Stefano Decandia and* 

The Herpesviridae are a family of viruses widely spread in nature that can infect a wide variety of species. After the primary infection, the human alphaherpesvirinae sub-family remains quiescent in the nerve ganglia from which it can periodically reactivate, causing clinical manifestations. Although spontaneous recurrences are possible, a wide variety of internal and external triggers may lead to transformation of the Herpes Simplex and Varicella-Zoster Viruses from a dormant to a proliferative state. Sunlight is a potent stimulus for the alphaherpesvirinae reactivation. The purpose of this paper is to analyze various features of this correlation and several steps you can take to lower your risk of triggering a herpes outbreak after sun exposure. Learning how to reduce the recurrence is extremely important and it is necessary: to perform a gradual and progressive sun exposure; to know what garments to wear; to know the environmental conditions of exposure; to know each skin phototype; to use a protective product against UVB and UVA with sun protec-

tion factor suitable for each phototype and environmental conditions.

**Keywords:** sunlight, UV, UVR, herpes virus, HSV, herpes zoster, VZV, sunscreens,

The sunlight and specifically the Ultraviolet component of its radiation (UVR) is among the major causes of alphaherpesviridae (αHV) reactivation. Various aspects of this correlation will be analyzed in this chapter, as well as how it interferes with the virus-host relationship and what kind of precautions should be taken to reduce

The Herpes Virus (HV) are a members of the family Herpesviridae widely spread in nature that can infect a wide variety of species of at least two animal phyla, the Chordata and the Mollusca [1]. It is a virus about 150–200 nm in diameter, with icosahedral nucleocapsid DNA double helix containing an envelope which derives from the nuclear membrane of the host cell with viral glycoproteins that

To date a total of 8 human HVs are known, having the characteristic of establishing a life-long latent infection: a state from which the virus can be reactivated and result in recurring disease. The HV family is divided into three subfamilies (Alphaherpesvirinae,
