**7.1 Nonpharmacological interventions**

Although medications have been widely used for managing both pain and insomnia, such drugs are not free from adverse effects which many times may actually worsen one or both conditions or even be responsible for therapeutic withdrawal symptoms. Cognitive behavioral therapy is largely used for insomnia (CBT-I) and for pain (CBT-P) related conditions and is recognized as an effective first option approach to both conditions.
