**5.3 Flap surgery**

The flap surgical technique is as follows [14]:


**107**

provided the original work is properly cited.

*Treatment of Gingival Enlargement*

oughly debrided.

the surgical area.

**6. Conclusion**

**Conflict of interest**

**Author details**

Shruti Bhatnagar

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.82664*

3.Using the same blade gingival tissues are thinned in the buccolingual direction to the mucogingival junction. The blade establishes contact with the alveolar

4.A similar scalloped internal bevel incision is given on the palatal aspect at a point where postoperative gingival margin is intended (at cementoenamel junction or at the bone crest in case of attachment loss). Thinning of palatal flap is done till the apical extent of the flap. The mucoperiosteal flap is then elevated.

5.Interdental incision is given with the help of an Orban knife, the base of each

6.Crevicular incisions are made on buccal, lingual and palatal areas to detach the

7.Tissues tags are removed using tissue scissors. The roots surfaces are thor-

8.Flap is replaced on to tooth bone junction and secured using interrupted or

9.Sutures and dressing is removed after 1–2 weeks depending on the healing of

10.Postoperative antibiotics and analgesics are prescribed. Chlorhexidine gluco-

Gingival enlargement is of prime concern to the patient as it impairs both function and esthetics. In excessive enlargement cases, a properly timed surgical procedure to reduce the tissue to a normal contour to reduce the tissues to a normal contour will yield maximum benefit to the patient, reducing the number of clinical

bone, and a full-thickness or split-thickness flap is elevated.

papilla connected to facial and lingual incisions is released.

collar of tissue. The collar of tissue is removed using curettes.

continuous mattress suture. Periodontal dressing is placed.

nate mouthwash (0.2%) is given for plaque control.

visits needed and improving the patients' quality of life.

Rungta College of Dental Sciences and Research, Bhilai, India

\*Address all correspondence to: bhatnagarshruti9@gmail.com

Author reports no conflict of interest.

© 2019 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,

*Gingival Disease - A Professional Approach for Treatment and Prevention*

of electrodes for cutting and coagulation. Compared with the use of a conventional scalpel, lasers can cut, ablate and reshape the oral soft tissue more easily, with no or minimal bleeding and little pain as well as no or only a few sutures. Laser surgery

Chemicals can be used to remove gingival tissue. About 5% paraformaldehyde [41] or potassium hydroxide [42] has been used in the past. Epithelialization and reformation of the junctional epithelium and reestablishment of the alveolar crest fiber system occur more slowly in chemically treated gingival wounds than in those produced by a scalpel [43]. However due to inability in controlling depth of action

The gingivectomy procedures cannot be used in cases of attachment loss or if the

1.After adequate anesthesia, bone sounding is performed with periodontal probe to determine the presence and extent of bone deformities. Depths of periodontal/

2.Incision is given on buccal and lingual aspects using a #15 surgical blade. The initial scalloped internal bevel incision is made at least 3 mm coronal to the mucogingival junction, which includes the creation of new surgical interdental

occasionally requires no local anesthetic, or only a topical anesthetic [40].

bone exposure is required. Thus flap surgery is undertaken in such cases.

*5.2.3 Gingivectomy by chemosurgery*

*Gingivectomy by electrosurgery: incision with electrode tip.*

and delayed healing response, it is not used anymore.

*Gingivectomy by electrosurgery: postoperative view after 1 month.*

The flap surgical technique is as follows [14]:

pathological pockets are also assessed.

papillae in each interproximal space.

**106**

**5.3 Flap surgery**

**Figure 18.**

**Figure 19.**

