*5.2.3 Gingivectomy by chemosurgery*

Chemicals can be used to remove gingival tissue. About 5% paraformaldehyde [41] or potassium hydroxide [42] has been used in the past. Epithelialization and reformation of the junctional epithelium and reestablishment of the alveolar crest fiber system occur more slowly in chemically treated gingival wounds than in those produced by a scalpel [43]. However due to inability in controlling depth of action and delayed healing response, it is not used anymore.

The gingivectomy procedures cannot be used in cases of attachment loss or if the bone exposure is required. Thus flap surgery is undertaken in such cases.
