*2.2.1 Macronutrients*

*Vitamin D Deficiency*

**2. Nutrition and vitamins**

**2.2 Essential nutrients for health**

part of our eating routine [2].

**2.1 Factors contributing to individual wellness**

Healthy lifestyle improves individual strength, prevents certain illnesses, and maintains an advisable weight. Wellness incorporates physical, emotional, and spiritual well-being (**Figure 1**). The concept of wellness is not an end point in a person's life but rather an ongoing lifestyle. Diet and exercise are so linked to each other that they can be considered opposite sides of a coin. An individual's nourishment is impacted by how much energy is used to perform daily exercises; meanwhile, physical activity directly affects the utilization of supplements in food. Consuming a nutritious diet allows one to progressively perform strenuous exercises for longer durations and prompts an overall better feeling. On the other hand, an imbalanced food intake

could lead to inactivity or, in extreme cases, cause severe medical issues [1].

Our daily consumed foods include bread, rice, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, and meats. Each of them is composed of various nutrients, which are each characterized by its unique chemical composition. Each has its own function; however, they work together to complete body's functions. Food nutrients are carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals, and water. Fiber is likewise a fundamental

Macronutrients (carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins) are those that the body requires in huge quantities to give energy and maintain growth, whereas micronutrients including vitamins and minerals are those nutrients required in lesser

quantities to help normal health and body functions [1].

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**Figure 1.**

*Factors contributing to individual wellness [1].*

Macronutrients (carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins) are energy-providing nutrients [1].

