*Unique Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Parameters of Antimicrobials in Goats DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.84551*

**Chemical class Name**

**138**

Tetracycline

Oxytetracycline

Isoniazid

Nitroimidazole

Cephalosporin

Fluoroquinolone

*Key:*

**Table 1.** *Kinetic parameters*

 *of some* 

*antimicrobial*

 *drugs used in treatment of microbial infections in goats.*

*—,* 

*non-available*

 *data.*

Marbofloxacin

 i.m.

 2

7.2

—

1.9

—

 —

 Ceftriaxone

 i.m., i.v.

 20

 1.5–2.03

—

21.51

—

 —

Metronidazole

 i.m.

 30

 5.87

—

54.4

 2.0

 Nubian

Antiprotozoan;

Gram-positive Gram-negative

[42]

antibacterial

 [4] [41]

 Oral

 10

 2.05

 0.72

—

3.71

 0.40 3.14

 0.19

 Teddy

Antituberculosis

[12]

*Goats (Capra) - From Ancient to Modern*

 i.v., i.m.

 20 10

 27.96

 11.66

 83.2

 13.57

 5.83 0.46

 0.09

 Kilis

West African

dwarf

Broad spectrum

[11]

**Route**

 **Dose**

**T1**

**/2β (h)** 

**Bioavailability**

**Cmax**

**Tmax (h)**

 **Breed**

**Spectrum of activity**

 **References**

**(μg/ml)**

**(%)**

**(mg/kg)**


**Table 2.**

*Goat-human extrapolated doses of some antimicrobials.*

**Antimicrobial**

**141**

Tulathromycin

Erythromycin

Sulfadimidine

Tylosin Gatifloxacin

Delafloxacin

Levofloxacin

Ceftazidime

**Table 3.** *Half-life, tissue residues and withdrawal*

 *period of some* 

*antimicrobials.*

 i.m., i.v.

 10

 4.71.1 h

 i.v.

10

 4.6–7.3 h

14.7–17.0 2.4–18.3

4 days

12.3–42.3 h

Milk Milk

Resistance in kid Resistance in kid

[9]

[45]

 Subcut, i.m.,

i.v.

 i.v.

i.m., i.v.

 15

5 5

 4.5–6.4 h

12 h

2.00 1.2–2.1

>1.5 days

2 days

6.8 h

1.70 o.03

2 days

 i.m.

 100

 26.3–41.9 days

 1.24–5.68

 i.v., i.m.

 10, 15

—

 Subcut

 2.5

 61.4 141 days

 2.09 1.77 2.06 0.36

 **Route**

 **Dose**

**T1/2β (h)**

 **Quantity of residues**

**Withdrawal**

**Affected organ**

**Consequence(s)**

 **References**

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.84551*

**period**

34 days

—

>30 days

 Kidney, liver, brain,

skeletal muscle, intestine,

heart

Milk Milk Milk

Resistance in kid

Resistance in kid

Possible resistance in kid

 [43]

*Unique Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Parameters of Antimicrobials in Goats*

[32]

[44]

Kidney

Milk

Nephrosis Resistance

Steven-Johnson

 syndrome,

nephrosis

[5]

[39]

[13]

**(ppm)**

**(mg/kg)**

