**Meet the editors**

Prof. Leila Queiroz Zepka is currently an associate professor at the Department of Food Technology and Science, Federal University of Santa Maria. She received her master degree in Food Engineering from the Federal University of Rio Grande and doctoral degree in Food Science from the State University of Campinas. She has more than 15 years of teaching and research experience. She

is a technical and scientific consultant of several companies, agencies, and scientific journals. She has published 340 publications and communications, which includes 8 books, 25 book chapters, 60 original research papers, and 250 research communications in international and national conferences and registered 10 patents. Her research interest includes microalgal biotechnology with an emphasis on biomolecules and natural pigments.

Prof. Veridiana Vera de Rosso is currently an associate professor at the Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo. She received her master degree in Food Engineering from the Federal University of Rio Grande, doctoral degree in Food Science from the State University of Campinas, and postdoctoral degree from the State University of Campinas. She has more than 15

years of teaching and research experience. She is a technical and scientific consultant of several agencies and scientific journals. She has published 150 publications and communications, which includes 1 book, 2 book chapters, 55 original research papers, and 70 research communications in international and national conferences and registered 1 patent. Her research interest includes food chemistry with an emphasis on natural pigments.

Prof. Eduardo Jacob-Lopes is currently an associate professor at the Department of Food Technology and Science, Federal University of Santa Maria. He received his master degree in Food Engineering from the Federal University of Rio Grande, doctoral degree in Chemical Engineering from the State University of Campinas, and postdoctoral degree from the State University of Campi-

nas. He has more than 15 years of teaching and research experience. He is a technical and scientific consultant of several companies, agencies, and scientific journals. He has published 450 publications and communications, which includes 8 books, 28 book chapters, 75 original research papers, and 350 research communications in international and national conferences and registered 12 patents. His research interests include biotechnology and bioengineering with an emphasis on microalgal biotechnology.

Contents

**Preface VII**

Zepka

**Spectrometry 17**

**Carotenoids 45**

**Regulation 63**

Congqiang Zhang

**γ-Radiation 121**

Mariya Pilinska

Chapter 6 **Carotenoids in Raw Plant Materials 107**

Alcaíno

Chapter 1 **Carotenoids: A Brief Overview on Its Structure, Biosynthesis,**

Chapter 2 **Recent Developments in the Analysis of Carotenoids by Mass**

Chapter 3 **External Field Effect on Electronic and Vibrational Properties of**

Nan Gong, Zuowei Li, Chenglin Sun and Zhiwei Men

**Microorganisms and Their Industrial Potential 85**

Pamela Córdova, Marcelo Baeza, Víctor Cifuentes and Jennifer

Lucia Maria Jaeger de Carvalho, Gisela Maria Dellamora Ortiz, José Luiz Viana de Carvalho and Alcides Ricardo Gomes de Oliveira

Denys Kurinnyi, Stanislav Rushkovsky, Olena Demchenko and

Chapter 4 **Microbiological Synthesis of Carotenoids: Pathways and**

Chapter 5 **Biosynthesis of Carotenoids and Apocarotenoids by**

Chapter 7 **Astaxanthin as a Modifier of Genome Instability after**

Andrêssa Silva Fernandes, Tatiele Casagrande do Nascimento, Eduardo Jacob-Lopes, Veridiana Vera De Rosso and Leila Queiroz

**Synthesis, and Applications 1**

Antonio Pérez-Gálvez and María Roca
