Contents



Preface

This book is intended primarily for researchers in translational oncology research, clinical oncology, and members of other professions such as medical researchers and radiography. It focuses on translational research in oncology, which has led to improvements in molecular diagnosis, tumor heterogeneity, and newer systematic therapies. This has brought challenges to the clinic in terms of patient education,

toxicity management, workflow, and prognostication for palliative care.

Normally, the immune system is responsible for monitoring and getting rid of molecules or cells outside the body that can be potentially malignant. The immune system works to eliminate malignant cells; however, for reasons not well established yet, at some point, the immune system fails, and the malignant cells survive and establish. Importantly, IL-10 can exert the antitumor effect by mechanisms such as the activation of natural killer cells (NK), lymphocytes T, macrophages, and nitric oxide. The authors have presented the importance of IL 10 in cancer diagnosis and prognosis.

The book includes a chapter on ion channels and transporters (ICTs), emerging as potential cancer biomarkers. ICTs are aberrantly expressed in several types of human cancers, and exert a relevant role in mediating interactions between tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment. Such interactions drive different functions that in turn regulate neoplastic progressions, such as cell proliferation and survival, cell invasiveness, and pro-angiogenetic programs. Hence targeting ion channels and transporters for cancer diagnosis with antibodies becomes the need for cancer

The book highlights that the epigenetic enzyme activity has been altered in cancer and contributes to the genomic instability in cancer cells. It is crucial to develop targeted therapeutic treatments to restore their normal function. Targeted therapy involves the use of drugs that target a specific biological molecule/pathway or drug treatment that requires genome profiling of an individual before it can be administered. Further it brought about the current update on epigenetics in the cancer treatment paradigm.

An effort has been made to give a synopsis of each different aspect of translational research in clinical oncology at the present time, which we hope will be of interest

**Sivapatham Sundaresan**

Junshin Gakuen University,

India

Japan

**Yeunhwa Gu**

SRM Institute of Science and Technology,

research to throw light on the discovery of many novel methods.

and benefit to all future researchers in clinical oncology.
