Scope of the Series

Biochemistry, the study of chemical transformations occurring within living organisms, impacts all of life sciences, from molecular crystallography and genetics, to ecology, medicine and population biology. Biochemistry studies macromolecules proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and lipids –their building blocks, structures, functions and interactions. Much of biochemistry is devoted to enzymes, proteins that catalyze chemical reactions, enzyme structures, mechanisms of action and their roles within cells. Biochemistry also studies small signaling molecules, coenzymes, inhibitors, vitamins and hormones, which play roles in the life process. Biochemical experimentation, besides coopting the methods of classical chemistry, e.g., chromatography, adopted new techniques, e.g., X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, NMR, radioisotopes, and developed sophisticated microbial genetic tools, e.g., auxotroph mutants and their revertants, fermentation etc. More recently, biochemistry embraced the 'big data' omics systems.

Initial biochemical studies have been exclusively analytic: dissecting, purifying and examining individual components of a biological system; in exemplary words of Efraim Racker, (1913 –1991) "Don't waste clean thinking on dirty enzymes." Today however, biochemistry is becoming more agglomerative and comprehensive, setting out to integrate and describe fully a particular biological system. The 'big data' metabolomics can define the complement of small molecules, e.g., in a soil or biofilm sample; proteomics can distinguish all the proteins comprising e.g., serum; metagenomics can identify all the genes in a complex environment e.g., bovine rumen. This Biochemistry Series will address both the current research on biomolecules, and the emerging trends with great promise.

Contents

**Preface III**

**Chapter 1 1**

**Chapter 2 13**

**Chapter 3 29**

**Chapter 4 47**

**Chapter 5 63**

**Chapter 6 83**

**Chapter 7 103**

**Chapter 8 113**

Serum Protein Electrophoresis and Its Clinical Applications *by Satish Ramanathan and Chakravarthy Narasimhachar Srinivas*

Urinary Iodine: Biomarker for Population Iodine Nutrition

*and Muhammad Yazid Jalaludin*

*by Khushaboo Pandey and Om Prakash Mishra*

*by Muhamamd Suhail and Samreen Riaz*

*by Kheir Eddine Kerboua and Kamal Djenouhat*

Medical Sciences

Quality Evaluation *by Nataša Gros*

Diabetes Mellitus

*and Daniela Prado Cunha*

Assessment (AP100)

*by Yana Sandlers*

*by Husniza Hussain, Rusidah Selamat, Lim Kuang Kuay, Fuziah Md Zain* 

Advancement in Analytical and Bioanalytical Techniques as a Boon to

Pre-Analytical Within-Laboratory Evacuated Blood-Collection Tube

In Silico Proteomics EVOO Therapy for Lipid Lowering in the Patients of

*by Zilton Vasconcelos, Renata Campos Azevedo, Andrea Zin, Luiza Neves* 

Semi-Solid Phase Assay for the Alternative Complement Pathway Activity

ZIKV Diagnostics: Current Scenario and Future Directions

Amino Acids Profiling for the Diagnosis of Metabolic Disorders
