Meet the editors

Toonika Rinken is a senior researcher of environmental chemistry and is leading a biosensor development lab at the Institute of Chemistry at the University of Tartu, Estonia. She received her PhD degree in chemistry in 2000 from the same university for her studies on modeling and calibration of biosensors. She has also pursued and completed professional self-improvement in Uppsala (Sweden) and Gröningen (the Netherlands). Dr.

Rinken's research focuses on the design and development of biosensing systems for automatic monitoring, and the study of signal rising, modeling, and calibration of biosensor-based analytical systems.

Dr. Kairi Kivirand is a researcher at the University of Tartu, Estonia, and at the Tallinn University of Technology, Estonia. She received a PhD in environmental chemistry in 2011 for her studies of biosensors for biogenic amines. Her research focuses on the purification, identification, and characterization of bioactive molecules and on the design and development of biosensing systems for a wide range of applications. She is an expert in the

application of liquid chromatography systems for the extraction and purification of bioactive compounds.

Contents

Monitoring

Controls

Analysis

Determination

*and Marcela A. Segundo*

*by Fabiano Luiz Naves*

Environmental Monitoring

*by Kairi Kivirand and Toonika Rinken*

**Preface III**

**Chapter 1 1**

**Chapter 2 7**

**Chapter 3 19**

**Chapter 4 39**

**Chapter 5 53**

**Chapter 6 67**

**Chapter 7 81**

Introductory Chapter: The Prospective of Biosensing in Environmental

Normal Boundary Intersection Applied to Controllers in Environmental

The Modeling, Design, Fabrication, and Application of Biosensor Based on Electric Cell-Substrate Impedance Sensing (ECIS) Technique in

Electrochemical Biosensors Containing Pure Enzymes or Crude Extracts

as Enzyme Sources for Pesticides and Phenolic Compounds with

*by Flavio Colmati, Lívia Flório Sgobbi, Guilhermina Ferreira Teixeira, Ramon Silva Vilela, Tatiana Duque Martins and Giovanna Oliveira Figueiredo*

Challenges and Applications of Impedance-Based Biosensors in Water

Dynamic Luminescent Biosensors Based on Peptides for Oxygen

*by Geovany Albino de Souza, Tatiana Duque Martins and Flavio Colmati*

*by Patrícia S. Peixoto, Ana Machado, Hélder P. Oliveira, Adriano A. Bordalo* 

Pharmacological Property Detection and Quantification

*by Kairi Kivirand, Mart Min and Toonika Rinken*

Paper-Based Biosensors for Analysis of Water

*by Xudong Zhang, William Wang and Sunghoon Jang*
