**4. Discussion/conclusion**

Antisense oligonucleotide based therapies are promising. They can be used for human therapy and can specifically inhibit target genes. Despite the promising progress since their discovery, only a few have been approved for clinical use. This low success rate can be explained by their anionic charge which prevents them from getting through the cell membrane and are rapidly destroyed by nuclease. To address these problems many chemical modifications have been developed. Finally, improvement of their delivery to the tissues, and thus their efficacy is an important issue that has to be addressed. To solve this problem, many strategies have been studied; nanotechnology is one of the most promising to overcome the cellular barriers for the ASO delivery towards targeted therapy.
