**9. Conclusions**

Growing evidences have shown that miRNAs play a key role in biological function and cell homeostasis. If the miRNAs are dysregulated, they lead to the development of many disease phenotypes. The miRNAs have immense potential in the clinical arena because they can be detected in the blood, serum, tissues, and fine-needle aspirate specimens. In addition, the discovery of miRNAs and their expression profile in a wide variety of diseases has led investigators to understand the key role of miRNAs as biomarkers during disease progression. Furthermore, because the miRNAs are relatively small size and they can regulate the network of target genes, they are promising targets for therapeutics. The most attractive feature of miRNA-based therapy is that a single miRNA could be useful for targeting multiple genes that are deregulated in disease, which can be further investigated through systems biology and network analysis that allows designing disease-specific personalized therapy. In summary, miRNAs are poised to provide diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic targets for several diseases. As the field continues to grow, miRNA-based therapeutics may develop a novel class of drugs for different diseases.
