**4. Conclusion**

*Arctic Studies - A Proxy for Climate Change*

Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (DMSSCT)

*wind. Coefficient values marked in red color correspond to the level of significance p < 0.05.*

The infections of the skin and subcutaneous tissue (ISST)

**64**

**Table 5.**

*polar night (PN).*

**Figure 6.**

**Table 4.**

*(B); Y axis: all normalized parameters.*

**Period M ± δ NM δ**

**phi-**

*wind angle parameters, deg.; Pl beta—plasma beta (Beta = [(T \* 4.16/105*

*values marked in red color correspond to the level of significance p < 0.05.*

**δ theta**

*The stable links between injury rates and poisoning on the way to work and from work with similar geocosmic agents during the polar day (A) and the polar night (B). A, B. Dynamics of the monthly values of incidence of the injury and poisoning on the way to work and from work (1), the monthly average magnitudes of the solar radio emission with wavelength 10.7 cm (2), and the solar wind parameter "sigma-phi-V"(3). X axis: the months from January 1985 to December 1989, where months from March to September are included in the period of the polar day (A); the months from October to February are included in the period of the polar night* 

**Period M ± δ NM IMF FV|<B>| Bz,GSM δ-B δ-By δ-Bz Na/Np**

PD 3.66 ± 2.48 −0.63 0.44 0.38 −0.39 0.47 0.47 0.44 0.46 PN 3.42 ± 2.95 −0.25 0.26 0.31 −0.21 0.15 0.17 0.21 0.16

PD 1.83 ± 1.61 −0.20 0.23 0.25 −0.12 0.16 0.13 0.12 0.15 PN 1.76 ± 1.27 −0.50 0.57 0.53 0.53 0.50 0.47 0.47 0.50 *NM—count rate of ground based on neutron monitor (counts/s); IMF—field magnitude Avg, <F>, nT; FV|<B>| magnitude of average, field vector, |<B>|, nT; Bz, GSM-Bz—component INF in the geocentric solar-magnetospheric coordinate systems; δ-B—variability of the magnetic field strength; δ-By—Sigma By—variability of By—component of IMF, nT; δ-Bz—Sigma Bz—variability of Bz—component of IMF, nT; Na/Np—alpha/proton ratio in the solar* 

*Correlation coefficients between monthly values of incidents of the diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (DMSSCT), the infections of the skin and subcutaneous tissue (ISST), and the monthly average magnitudes of the parameters of geocosmic agents during the polar day (PD) and polar night (PN).*

> **Pl beta**

*number (Ma = (V \* Np0.5)/20 \* B); Kp \* 10-index of geomagnetic activity (GMA); R—sunspot number; f10.7-index of the solar radio flux with wavelength 10.7 cm in solar flux units (s.f.u.), (10<sup>−</sup>22), Watts/meter sq/hertz; PC(N)—high latitude index of GMA; MMN—magnetosonic mach number = V/Magnetosonic\_speed. Coefficient* 

*Correlation coefficients between monthly values of incidents of the injury and poisoning on the way to work and from work and the monthly average magnitudes of the geocosmic agents during the polar day (PD) and* 

PD 1.75 ± 1.97 −0.52 0.48 0.46 −0.38 −0.43 0.26 0.61 0.58 0.39 −0.43 PN 1.26 ± 1.07 −0.55 0.54 0.51 −0.55 −0.61 0.47 0.67 0.72 0.58 −0.55 *NM—count rate of ground based on neutron monitor (counts/s); δ phi, δ-theta—sigma-phi-V, sigma-theta-V—solar* 

**AMN Kp \* 10 R f10.7 PC(N) MMN**

*; AMN—Alfven mach* 

*) + 5.34] \* Np/B2*

A geophysical feature of the arch. Spitsbergen is its location in the cusp region a kind of funnel on the dayside of the magnetosphere with near zero magnetic field magnitude. The open field lines of the cusp are connected with those of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), which allows the shocked solar wind plasma of the magnetosheath to enter the magnetosphere and to penetrate the ionosphere.

In the cusp areas, the impacts of the solar wind (SW) on the Earth's magnetosphere manifest most strongly, and multiple phenomena originating as consequences of such interactions are referred to as the space weather. The magnetosphere and the ionosphere of the Earth are sources of electromagnetic oscillations and waves, many of which are detected in the form of radiation outside the region of generation, in particular, on the surface of the Earth.

The feature of the cusp is the existence of the geomagnetic pulsations not only in the period of geomagnetic disturbances but also during the quiet period. One can see that narrow band waves at frequencies 0.2 to 3 Hz are a permanent feature in the vicinity of the polar cusp. The waves have been found in the magnetosphere adjacent to the cusp (both poleward and equatorward of the cusp) and in the cusp itself. It is an established fact that the daytime polar cusp latitudes are typically characterized by long-period (T ~4–60 min) geomagnetic pulsations observed both in daytime and nighttime hours. Diverse radiation (from ULF to VHF) and waves in the field of polar cusp, covering the entire range of the body rhythms, give credit for studying the effects of space weather in the field of polar cusp. The study of the dependence cases of diseases on effects of space weather has shown that diverse forms of morbidity varied synchronously and they are associated with variations of space weather agents. Assessment of the relationship between the dynamics of the monthly morbidity in Russian settlements and indicators of space weather revealed that, practically, all forms of morbidity are associated with solar activity: with F10.7 index, with variations of solar wind parameters, and with indices characterizing the local geomagnetic activity in the polar cusp.

It has been found that mental disorders are associated with the variability of the solar wind and the radio emission of the Sun, as well as the frequency of injuries and poisoning at the work and at the home. A high degree of association of the diseases of arteries, arterioles, and veins with the parameters of the solar wind and the geomagnetic indices, characterizing the local geomagnetic activity in the polar cusp, was shown.

A high sensitivity of the female organism to variations of space weather in the polar cusp was revealed. This phenomenon is manifested in the increase of pregnancy complications, cases of inflammation of the genital organs, etc., according to the increase in geomagnetic activity in the polar cusp.

The revealed differences in the nature of the links between the morbidity of the population in the Barentsburg during the polar day and the polar night show that the diverse diseases are associated with a combination of separated characteristics of the SV, MMP, GMA, and SA, the significance of which for the morbidity varies with the season.

However, it has been found that certain diseases are associated only with the polar day or with the polar night. This allows selecting the physical agents that could modulate morbidity rate in the alternative season. In particular, agents such as long-period oscillations, with the frequency range that coincides with the range of the ultraslow fluctuations of the constant potential (USFCP) in the brain, could modulate the morbidity of the MD and DAAV in the polar day.

The absence of solar radiation during the polar night, such as UV radiation, and the association of the incidence of the inflectional diseases of skin with GMA only during the polar night indicate the role of UV in suppressing the growth of pathogenic microflora. Correlations of the inflectional diseases of skin with GMA in the absence of UV radiation demonstrate the significance of GMA for the microorganism growth.

In general, it should be noted that, probably, many of the bioeffective agents associated with CA were left out of consideration. The health of the population most likely depends on a combination of geophysical agents, some of which are simply not registered and are not reflected in the indicators of the database (OMNI). On the other hand, the state of the human body during the periods of the polar day and the polar night may also differ in sensitivity to the effects of geophysical agents. In general, the polar day is characterized by a larger number of influencing physical agents on the human body, than the polar night.

The found links between the morbidity of the population and the peculiarities of space weather will make it possible to develop prognoses of the morbidity for preventive measures aimed at reducing the morbidity in high latitudes.

The task of studying the labor activity in the difficult arctic conditions demands the need to develop criteria for determining the mental state of a person and his working capacity, as well as predicting a shift in the functional state of the CNS. The solution of such a problem should take into account the possibility of modulation of the mental and of the physiological state of people of the dangerous professions by the high latitude geocosmic agents, the effects of which might also express in the seasonal manifestation of morbidity.
