**4.3. Autophagy inhibitors and treatments**

Autophagy-related activities can be inhibited by treating cell lines with inhibitors. In the market, there are multiple types of inhibitors that are manufactured to target specific pathways that are related to autophagy in cells. As shown in **Table 1** below, these inhibitors with known mechanisms can be used in vitro.

Cytotoxicity experiments should be carried out by researchers when using such inhibitors as they can reduce the viability of cells tested on. This can be carried out through serial-diluted inhibitors using MTT or any luminescence-based viability assays. The effect of inhibition can then be determined using the safe range of concentration obtained through the cytotoxicity assay followed by Western blot or immunofluorescence.
