Contents



Preface

and developments in these areas.

The primary intention of this book is to embark on a journey that takes the reader through the latest concepts, techniques, and trends in structural engineering. This publication is mainly focused on structural engineering principles in the simulation, modeling, and design of structural elements. In addition, factors affecting structural response and behavior are in‐ vestigated. The book is addressed to researchers and practitioners on the subject, as well as undergraduate and postgraduate students and other experts and newcomers seeking more information about the state of the art, new challenges, innovative solutions, and new trends

The behavior and design of masonry walls is the subject of Chapters 1 and 2. In the first chapter, two formulations were proposed by the authors for masonry walls confined with fiber-reinforced polymers, which are adjusted for the cohesion and internal friction angle of both units and mortar. In the second chapter, a discussion on experimental tests carried out on different types of fuse elements as well as quarter-scale specimen of frame and infill walls with fuse elements is presented. Later on, the results of finite element computer mod‐

Chapter 3 is dedicated to a novel prefabricated steel-reinforced concrete composite column. In the proposed column, four steel angles are placed at the corners of the cross-section, and transverse bars and plates are used to connect the angles by welding or bolting. In this chap‐ ter, the newly developed composite column is introduced, and basic mechanisms, structural

Chapter 4 deals with the behavior of a simply-supported beam (SSB) reinforced with exter‐ nal prestressing using three diagonal web members. A theoretical model was created for the reinforced SSB. Then equations governing the relationship between beam deflection and in‐ crement in external tendon force and the relationship between load and deflection were de‐ rived. Later, finite element analysis was performed to study the effects of cross-sectional area of the tendon, tendon sag, initial tendon force, and other factors on the structural per‐

The final chapter, Chapter 5, discusses the vertical natural vibration modes of a ballasted railway track. This study measured the natural vibration characteristics of the ballast layer using field measurements, full-scale impact loading experiments, and large-scale finite ele‐

eling studies are presented and verified through experimental analysis.

performance, and field applications are discussed.

formance of an SSB after reinforcement.

ment analysis.
