**2. Basic traits**

Ideologies are foundational social beliefs of people rather than general in nature because fundamental ideologies are not developed overnight, such as a person cannot be a feminist or socialist in few days but it takes time for framing the foundation of personal, social, and contextual ideologies including many experiences and discourses. Hodge [9] states that interaction is a basic requirement for discourse which is sturdy and transformative as it introduces different perspectives, ideas, structures, and ontologies. Ideologies always interact in different forms. For example, Van Dijk [6] contends that ideologies are endorsed in the forms of action and interaction, and ideological reproduction is often rooted in organizational and institutional contexts. For example, racist ideologies are expressed in racist talk, and feminists reproduce their ideologies in feminist talk. Therefore, many forms of interactional discourse play a vital role in communicating ideologies in the society. Ideologies are the principles that essentially function as the cognitive representations in the form of discourse, societal position, and interests of social groups which connect macrolevel analyses of social structure

**279**

municative contexts.

*Ideological Interaction Theory in Critical Discourse Analysis*

with microlevel studies of individual interaction. However, Martínez-Roldán and Malavé [10] contend that ideologies are not only the shared beliefs of a group, social interactions between individuals within a sociocultural context, and negotiation of meanings but also indicate multifaceted social phenomena including various social classes, groups, and social institutions within the broader societal contexts. It involves diverse social groups within different contradictory ideologi-

The context of ideology reflects the personal framework [4]. Moreover, Fairclough and Wodak [3] state that context has the determining role in producing the ideology. In the context of communication, simply we get a contradiction of the ideologies. For example, media discourse may have a different ideology to educational and political discourses. The tenets of ideological interaction theory represent the guidelines to present the contextual variations or perspectives, as suggested in Refs. [1, 7–9]. The basic tenets of critical discourse analysis introduced by Fairclough and Wodak [3] are the baseline for determining the traits of ideological

• Social dimension has the decisive capacity to determine the ideological

• Contextual discourses and communication abilities and skills are core thought

The framework of ideological interaction theory is based on sociocultural perspectives. Scott and Palincsar [11] argued that cultural and social entities suggest ideological consequences. Similarly, in Refs. [12, 13], the significance of the cultural contribution to implant ideology is stated, as an ideology has an impact on the social activities, attitudes, and shared understanding in interdisciplinary fields. The social role has tribute consideration in determining the ideology. For example, the authors in Refs. [2–5, 7, 9, 14] focus on the contextual, cognitive, and attribute relevance and variable to construct the thought, and the thought is considered to the social issue; in the way, social issues may have multidimensional and diverse perspectives might

Ideologies are expressed by text and talks as mentioned by Padilla and Vana [15]. It helps to construct new and confirm already present ideologies persuasively. Similarly, the communication skills and strategies lead to construct ideologies and

On the other hand, there are unseen priori theoretical grounds to exclude any textual structures from expressing underlying ideological principles [3]. Undeniably, the mental model of functional categories involved in events or com-

Some of the tenets of critical discourse analysis can already be found in the critical

• Culture, sex, social status, and economic status are discursive

**3. The framework of ideological interaction theory**

prevail interactions among groups in different circumstances.

theory of the Frankfurt School before the Second World War [3].

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93366*

cal groups.

interaction perspectives.

of the ideology

be revealed as addressing the ideology.

• Ideological creation in the perspectives

interaction

#### *Ideological Interaction Theory in Critical Discourse Analysis DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93366*

with microlevel studies of individual interaction. However, Martínez-Roldán and Malavé [10] contend that ideologies are not only the shared beliefs of a group, social interactions between individuals within a sociocultural context, and negotiation of meanings but also indicate multifaceted social phenomena including various social classes, groups, and social institutions within the broader societal contexts. It involves diverse social groups within different contradictory ideological groups.

The context of ideology reflects the personal framework [4]. Moreover, Fairclough and Wodak [3] state that context has the determining role in producing the ideology. In the context of communication, simply we get a contradiction of the ideologies. For example, media discourse may have a different ideology to educational and political discourses. The tenets of ideological interaction theory represent the guidelines to present the contextual variations or perspectives, as suggested in Refs. [1, 7–9]. The basic tenets of critical discourse analysis introduced by Fairclough and Wodak [3] are the baseline for determining the traits of ideological interaction perspectives.

