**Part 4**

**Hematopoietic Stem Cell Therapy** 

344 Advances in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Research

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Vol.99, pp: 6292–6297.

in atherosclerotic plaques of the rabbit model of atherosclerosis. *Histochemestry and* 

Kim, Y; DeLustro, B ; Sheppard D; Pardo, A; Selman, M & Heller, RA. (2002). Gene expression analysis reveals matrilysin as a key regulator of pulmonary brosis in mice and humans. *Proccedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA,* 

**16** 

*USA* 

**Applications** 

*Children's Mercy Hospital in Kansas City, MO,* 

Carla McCrave

**Hematopoietic Stem Cells Therapeutic** 

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has become an established treatment for malignant hematological diseases, solid malignancies and non-malignant diseases **(**figure 1). Newer indications for HSCT have emerged because of better understanding of human immunology, tumor biology and immunotherapy (table 1). Novel approaches have resulted in increase number of transplants as well as significant reductions in the morbidity and mortality associated with HSCT. These include more suitable donors with the addition of unrelated cord blood units (single & double) and partially matched family members; and novel conditioning regimens (reduced & non-myeloablative) that allow patients with significant co-morbidities to undergo transplantation. On the other hand, the introduction of alternative therapies, such as imatinib (tyrosine kinase inhibitor) for chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), has challenged well established indications. This chapter summarizes the current indications for HSCT in pediatrics and address recent clinical developments in the

**1. Introduction** 

field of HSCT.

Fig. 1. Indications for HSCT
