**6. Acknowledgments**

We are grateful to Eliane Le Roux for graphic illustrations and Matthew Uselman for critical reading of the manuscript. We sincerely apologize to our colleagues whose relevant work was omitted in this review because of space limitations.

#### **7. References**

230 Advances in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Research

the regenerative capacities of HSC *in vivo;* ii) no straight forward method allows the association of *in vitro* observations with the *in vivo* outcome; iii) testing the *in vivo* effect of each molecule independently would be costly, time-consuming and would need an

In an attempt to develop new tools that might overcome some of these limitations, we have developed an innovative screening strategy to identify molecules for their potential to improve the *in vitro* HSC self-renewal and proliferation while preserving the HSC regenerative capacities *in vivo* (Sii Felice K, Grosselin J, Leboulch P, Tronik-Le Roux D, manuscript in preparation). Our approach is based on stem cells labeling with specific barcodes before exposure to the molecules (Fig. 7). Then, prior to their infusion in myeloablated mice, all the treated cells are pooled. Several weeks after transplantation, the identification of barcodes present in the blood and the BM of transplanted mice will enable

Fig. 7. Schematic representation of the strategy developed to simultaneously test dozens of molecules. Each well contains barcoded-HSC (1) treated by a particular molecule. After several days of *in vitro* culture (2), all the cells are pooled, infused in myeloablated mice. The identification of barcodes in blood and BM of transplanted mice will enable the precise

This strategy might facilitate the development of high-throughput screening for fast and effective identification of small molecules that can be used to burst the production of HSC. This will undoubtedly accelerate the promise of regenerative medicine as a routine

We are grateful to Eliane Le Roux for graphic illustrations and Matthew Uselman for critical reading of the manuscript. We sincerely apologize to our colleagues whose relevant work

therapeutic modality for many blood diseases as well as for gene and cell therapy.

retrospective quantification of the initial effect of the molecule.

was omitted in this review because of space limitations.

**6. Acknowledgments** 

imposing number of mice which is ethically inconceivable.

the precise retrospective quantification of the initial effect of the molecule.


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**Part 3** 

**Hematopoietic Stem Cells in Aging and Disease** 

