*4.4.1 Typical*

Typically developing primary school-aged children progress in their abilities to think logically and use reason. Early in this stage (around age 5), children are curious about everything. They constantly ask, "Why?" From kindergarten to third grade, their problem-solving skills improve. Memory and sequencing skills go from simple to complex as children move from mimicking simple directions to performing complicated tasks from multistep directions they hear or read. They add to their repertoire of ways to learn by moving beyond observation, imitation, and repetition to reading, discussing, and reasoning in order to gain new information and think about more complex ideas. They understand spatial and directional vocabulary and concepts of time and that numbers represent amounts. Children in primary school typically move from being non-readers to being able to read primary chapter books by grade three. They should be able to solve basic mathematical and logic problems as well as extract information from content area texts.
