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## IntechOpen Book Series Physiology Volume 2

Angel Catalá was born in Rodeo (San Juan), Argentina. He studied chemistry at the Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina, where he received a PhD in Chemistry (Biological Branch) in 1965. From 1964 to 1974, he worked as an assistant in Biochemistry at the School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina. From 1974 to 1976, he was a fellow of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) at the University of Con-

necticut, Health Center, USA. From 1985 to 2004, he served as a Full Professor of Biochemistry at the Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina. He is a member of the National Research Council (CONICET), Argentina, and Argentine Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (SAIB). His laboratory has been interested for many years in the lipid peroxidation of biological membranes from various tissues and different species. Professor Catalá has directed 12 doctoral theses and published more than 100 papers in peer-reviewed journals, several chapters in books, and 12 edited books. He received awards at the 40th International Conference on Biochemistry of Lipids in Dijon, France, in 1999. He is a 2006 and 2012 winner of the Bimbo Pan-American Nutrition, Food Science and Technology Award. He is also a 2006 Bernardo Houssay award recipient in pharmacology, in recognition of his meritorious works of research. Dr. Catalá belongs to the editorial board of the *Journal of Lipids*, *International Review of Biophysical Chemistry*, *Frontiers in Membrane Physiology and Biophysics*, *World Journal of Experimental Medicine*, *Biochemistry Research International*, *World Journal of Biological Chemistry*, *Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity*, *Diabetes and the Pancreas*, *International Journal of Chronic Diseases & Therapy*, and *International Journal of Nutrition*. He is coeditor of *The Open Biology Journal*.

#### **Book Series Editor and Editor of Volume2: Angel Catalá**

Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA-CCT La Plata-CONICET) Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina

### Scope of the Series

Modern physiology requires a comprehensive understanding of the integration of tissues and organs throughout the mammalian body, including the expression, structure, and function of molecular and cellular components. While a daunting task, learning is facilitated by our identification of common, effective signaling

pathways employed by nature to sustain life. As a main example, the cellular interplay between intracellular Ca2 increases and changes in plasma membrane potential is integral to coordinating blood flow, governing the exocytosis of neurotransmitters and modulating genetic expression. Further, in this manner, understanding the systemic interplay between the cardiovascular and nervous systems has now become more important than ever as human populations age and mechanisms of cellular oxidative signaling are utilized for sustaining life. Altogether, physiological research enables our identification of clear and precise points of transition from health to development of multi-morbidity during the inevitable aging process (e.g., diabetes, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, heart failure, age-related macular degeneration; cancer). With consideration of all organ systems (e.g., brain, heart, lung, liver; gut, kidney, eye) and the interactions thereof, this Physiology Series will address aims of resolve (1) Aging physiology and progress of chronic diseases (2) Examination of key cellular pathways as they relate to calcium, oxidative stress, and electrical signaling & (3) how changes in plasma membrane produced by lipid peroxidation products affects aging physiology.

**Preface III**

Introduction **1**

**Chapter 1 3**

Endoplasmic Reticulum Properties and Functions **9**

**Chapter 2 11**

**Chapter 3 27**

**Chapter 4 49**

**Chapter 5 73**

*by Nayeli Torres-Ramírez, Rosario Ortiz-Hernández, M. Luisa Escobar-Sánchez,* 

*by Hilda M. Alfaro-Valdés, Francesca Burgos-Bravo, Nathalie Casanova-Morales,* 

Introductory Chapter: Endoplasmic Reticulum-Knowledge and Perspectives

Mechanical Properties of Chaperone BiP, the Master Regulator of the

**Section 1**

**Section 2**

*by Angel Catala*

Contents

Endoplasmic Reticulum

*Diego Quiroga-Roger and Christian A.M. Wilson*

Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Autophagy

Endoplasmic Reticulum-Associated Degradation (ERAD) *by Burcu Erbaykent Tepedelen and Petek Ballar Kirmizibayrak*

*Olga M. Echeverría-Martínez and Gerardo H. Vázquez-Nin*

*by Mohammad Fazlul Kabir, Hyung-Ryong Kim and Han-Jung Chae*

Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress during Mammalian Follicular Atresia

## Contents


Preface

The endoplasmic reticulum is a network of membranes localized in all eukaryotic cells that performs a variety of essential cellular functions. Although this structure has received increased attention in recent years, it requires further investigation of its many properties and roles. The purpose of this book is to concentrate on recent developments on endoplasmic reticulum. The articles collected in this book are contributions by invited researchers with a long-standing experience in different

This book presents up-to-date, expert reviews of the fast-moving field of endoplasmic reticulum. The book is divided in two sections: 1. Introduction and 2.

In Chapter 1, Dr. Catala describes the properties and functions of the endoplasmic reticulum. In Chapter 2, Dr. Wilson et al. describe the mechanical properties of chaperone BiP, the master regulator of the endoplasmic reticulum. In Chapter 3, Dr. Ballar Kirmizibayrak and Tepedelen summarize endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein degradation (ERAD). In Chapter 4, Dr. Han-Jung Chae et al. discuss endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy. Finally, in Chapter 5, Dr. Vázquez-Nin et al.

describe endoplasmic reticulum stress during mammalian follicular atresia.

I would like to express my gratitude to Ms. Anita Condic, the Author Service

Manager, and IntechOpen for their efforts in the publishing process.

We hope that the material presented here is understandable and useful to a broad audience, including not only scientists but also people with a general background in

**Angel Català**

Argentina

Facultad de Ciencias Exactas,

(INIFTA-CCT La Plata-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de La Plata,

Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas

Endoplasmic Reticulum Properties and Functions.

research areas.

the biological sciences.
