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## Meet the editor

Ibrokhim Y. Abdurakhmonov received his BS (1997) in Biotechnology from the National University, his MS in Plant Breeding (2001) from Texas A&M University, USA, and his PhD (2002) in Molecular Genetics, his Doctor of Science (2009) in Genetics, and his full professorship (2011) in Molecular Genetics and Molecular Biotechnology from the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan. He founded (2012) and is currently leading the Center of

Genomics and Bioinformatics of Uzbekistan. He serves as an associate editor/editorial board member of several international and national journals on plant sciences. He received a Government award – 2010 chest badge "Sign of Uzbekistan", 2010 TWAS prize, and "ICAC Cotton Researcher of the Year 2013" for his outstanding contribution to cotton genomics and biotechnology. He was elected as a TWAS Fellow (2014) in Agricultural Science and as a co-chair/chair of the "Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics" Workgroup (2015) of the International Cotton Genome Initiative. He was elected (2017) as a member and Vice-President of the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan. He was appointed (2017) as Minister of Innovative Development of Uzbekistan.

Contents

**Section 1**

Proteomics

**Section 2**

*by Hanaa E.A. Amer*

Stem Cells (HSCs)

**Preface III**

Proteomics Approaches **1**

**Chapter 1 3**

**Chapter 2 23** Precipitation of Detergent-Containing Samples for Top-Down and Bottom-Up

**Chapter 3 41**

Proteomics Applications **55**

**Chapter 4 57** Proteomic Analysis of β-Thalassemia/HbE: A Perspective from Hematopoietic

**Chapter 5 73**

**Chapter 6 103**

Invasiveness-Related Proteomic Variations and Molecular Network Changes

Purification of Proteins: Between Meaning and Different Methods

*by Saranyoo Ponnikorn, Siripath Peter Kong, Sasipim Thitivirachawat, Chanawin Tanjasiri, Sumalee Tungpradabkul and Suradej Hongeng*

*by Radu Albulescu, Andrei Jose Petrescu, Mirela Sarbu, Alice Grigore, Raluca Ica, Cristian V. A. Munteanu, Adrian Albulescu, Ioana V. Militaru,* 

*Alina-Diana Zamfir, Stefana Petrescu and Cristiana Tanase*

2D Gel Electrophoresis to Address Biological Issues

*by Domenica Scumaci and Giovanni Cuda*

*by Alan Doucette and Andrew Crowell*

Mass Spectrometry for Cancer Biomarkers

in Human Nonfunctional Pituitary Adenomas *by Xianquan Zhan, Xiaohan Zhan and Xiaowei Wang*

## Contents


Preface

Proteins or peptides are very important molecules of living organisms and play many vital functions in cell physiology. The whole set of proteins and peptides produced by an organism is called the proteome. The large-scale scientific study and

Proteomics is an interdisciplinary science influenced by advances in many scientific directions such as chemistry, physics, biology, biochemistry, biophysics, genomics, bioinformatics, etc. Specifically, the latest advances in genomics and bioinformatics have greatly contributed to proteomics research, and have helped to elucidate the functionality of proteomes in terms of molecular functions and interactions in a

Proteomics research is equipped with a variety of detection, separation, quantification, and localization methods. Such methods include simple procedures of detection and quantification through chemical reactions specific to amino acids and

The results of proteomics research are very useful for understanding the possible cause of affected cell/tissue or disease physiology and can serve as potential new ways to treat disease not only in general cases but also at a personalized level. Pivotal application of proteomics uses specific protein biomarkers to diagnose disease. A number of techniques allow testing for proteins produced during a particular disease, which helps to diagnose the disease quickly or to make reliable prognoses of its future appearance. Proteomics can also be used to reveal complex plant–insect interactions that help to identify genetic mechanisms in plant defenses and adapta-

*Proteomics Technologies and Application* includes six chapters from the international research community, covering both aspects of proteome analysis and its applications. The book provides readers with the latest advances in proteomics research tools and technologies using proteomics data to understand, diagnose, and treat various diseases. Chapters discuss the basic tools of protein detection, separation, and purification to advanced 2D-gel and mass spectrometry based on new generation technologies, which are useful for developing biomarkers and understanding,

These six chapters cover limited research and review topics in proteomics research and applications; however, they are useful for scientists, students, and readers of

experimental analysis of proteomes is referred to as *proteomics*.

high-throughput modern mass spectrometry tools.

tion to different biotic and abiotic stresses.

diagnosing, and curing various diseases.

life sciences.

given cell or tissue.
