**6. Effect of mechanical behavior**

The maximum tensile strength is recorded through the compressive tests and in various ways as possible for the material which subjected for three passes of ECAP process which given in **Figure 5**. The data of the received material included for better understanding [30]. It witnessed that the ECAP processed specimen shows elevated flow stress in multiple directions when compared with processed ones.

The material which undergone the ECAP process display an improved yield and maximum yield stress along with improved behavior in the work hardening towards the different compression direction. Significantly the ECAP processed material which tested along the direction of the Y-axis which is perpendicular to the die channel of the ECAP setup shows a concave up like feature with the strain range of 0.02–0.05. Another major witness is that processed sample demonstrates a constant hardening strain range from 0.01 to 0.03 towards the direction of Z-axis and in the direction of X axis it shows 0.01–0.06 in which the hardening rate is slightly get decreased from the initial stage. The processed material showed up a rise in hardening rate in the range of 0.015–0.3045 in the direction of Y-axis.

From the above results, it is clear that ECAP processing ensures the mechanical anisotropy behavior of the commercially pure Magnesium. The appearance of twinning action in the material during the compression test leads to the anisotropy. The incident of increased hardening rate is clearly because of the twinning action

**Figure 5.** *Ultimate tensile strength obtained for the CP-Mg before and after ECAP processing [30].*

which occurred in the direction of Y-axis. Furthermore, the same twinning action indicated in the ECAP processed AZ31 alloy during the compressive test along the direction of the y-axis, which ensured through the microscopic examination. Along with that observation notable amount of twins were witnessed in the magnesium alloy after subjecting it to the strain of only 0.04 (in approx.) in the compressive test along the direction of Y-axis. The twins obtained after a certain level of strain in the corresponding direction was notably lower. Finally, the outcomes represent that after ECAP processing of commercially pure magnesium, the material shows an improved anisotropic behavior and notably twinning action also takes place while the material compressed in the direction of the Y-axis which is perpendicular to the die channel angle. The tensile characteristics of the rolled magnesium are in the good range and lowered elongation when compared to the ECAP processed commercially pure magnesium. These factors indicate that ECAP processing slightly reduces the yield stress and improves the ductile characteristics of the material. And also fine grain refinement was witnessed through the microstructural study of the ECAP processed Magnesium. Thus, the decreased yield stress after the rolling process, along with ECAP contribute to the texture effect of the magnesium.
