Electrodeposition of Pure Noble Metal

**21**

**Chapter 2**

**Abstract**

the gold nanostructures deposits.

nanostructured gold, stability

**1. Introduction**

Morphology Controlled Synthesis

The gold nanostructures find several technological applications in MEMS, optoelectronics, and electronics industries. To enhance the applicability and suitability of the gold nanostructures in these fields, modification of the morphology of the deposited nanostructure is required. In recent years, the electrodeposition method has emerged as a widely known method for the deposition of the nanostructures of different dimensions and morphologies due to its time efficiency, costeffectiveness, and absence of vacuum technology. In this method, the morphology of the deposited gold nanostructure can also be easily controlled by tuning the electrodeposition process parameters such as electrolyte concentration, electrolyte temperature, current density, deposition time, etc. This chapter gives a detailed overview of the crucial electrodeposition parameters affecting the morphology of

**Keywords:** deposition parameters, electrodeposition, electrolyte, morphology,

The origin of the word gold comes from the old English Anglo-Saxon word for geolo meaning "yellow", while the symbol 'Au' of gold is originated from the Latin word aurum, meaning 'shining dawn' [1]. Gold is a precious element and has an atomic number 79. In nature, it exists in a pure form. It is lustrous, slightly reddish yellow in color, soft, has high density, high corrosion resistance, highly malleable and ductile. Due to these properties, it has a long history in playing a very important role in the development of human societies since ancient time to till date. It was used by Chinese and Egyptians in ancient time (in the fifth or fourth century B.C). Gold is used in both bulk and nanostructure forms. In bulk form, gold is used in making jewelry, coins, statues, decorative objects, etc. Nanostructured gold materials are not new materials for mankind. Gold materials with nanostructures were used by mankind since a long time, but due to unavailability of characterizing tools for nanostructure (like high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), etc.) their structures were unrevealed. Nanostructured gold is used in the microelectromechanical system (MEMS) due to its properties of high electrical conductivity, excellent corrosion resistance, solderability, thermal conductivity, and bondability.

of the Nanostructured Gold by

Electrodeposition Techniques

*Brij Mohan Mundotiya and Wahdat Ullah*

## **Chapter 2**
