**2.1. System model**

The network scenario comprises cloud radio access networks (C-RANs). Each C-RAN comprises a base station entity such as the evolved Node B (eNB) or next generation Node B (gNB). The eNB or gNB is connected to a cloud platform that provides resources in the network control plane. The base station entity is connected to cloud platforms that host content being demanded by subscribers. The system model assumes that subscribers can access the network i.e. cloud content at the desired epoch. The network comprises terrestrial wireless and satellite network segments. A scenario showing the network is shown in **Figure 1**.

The scenario in **Figure 1** shows the connection between two eNBs (i.e. eNB1 and eNB2) with overlapping coverage. The first eNB i.e. eNB 1 is connected to the cloud platform being the closer of the two eNBs. The packet data gateway (P-GW) of eNB 1 interacts with the gateway entity at the cloud platform hosting the content being accessed. The eNBs can execute handover to support the migration of subscriber *SH*. This is realized by the dynamics associated with serving gateway (S-GW) in seamless handover execution [40].
