Contents

#### **Preface XIII**

**Section 1 Endometriosis 1**  Chapter 1 **Endometriosis 3**  Mohammad Reza Razzaghi, Mohammad Mohsen Mazloomfard and Anahita Ansari Jafari Chapter 2 **Urinary Tract Endometriosis 31**  Aliasghar Yarmohamadi and Nasser Mogharabian Chapter 3 **Diagnosis and Treatment of Perineal Endometriosis 53**  Lan Zhu, Na Chen and Jinghe Lang Chapter 4 **Abdominopelvic Complications of Endometriosis 65**  Arturo del Rey-Moreno Chapter 5 **Endometrial Tumors in Postoperative Scars - Pathogenesis, Diagnostics and Treatment 85**  Stanisław Horák and Anita Olejek Chapter 6 **Pathological Aspects of Endometriosis 101**  Agatha Kondi-Pafitis **Section 2 Pathogenesis 113**  Chapter 7 **Involvement of Prostaglandins in the Pathophysiology of Endometriosis 115**  Gabriela F. Meresman and Carla N. Olivares Chapter 8 **Genetic Polymorphisms and Molecular Pathogenesis of Endometriosis 133** 

Vijayalakshmi Kodati and Q. Hasan


Contents VII

Chapter 21 **Embryo Quality and Pregnancy Outcome** 

**The Role of Oxidative Stress 399** Ionara Barcelos and Paula Navarro

Chapter 24 **Imaging Tools for Endometriosis: Role of Ultrasound, MRI and Other Imaging Modalities in Diagnosis and Planning Intervention 437** 

Darshana D. Rasalkar and Bhawan K. Paunipagar

Rosario Francesco Grasso, Riccardo Del Vescovo, Roberto Luigi Cazzato and Bruno Beomonte Zobel

Chapter 26 **Pathophysiological Changes in Early Endometriosis 459**  Tao Zhang, Gene Chi Wai Man and Chi Chiu Wang

> **Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist and Dienogest of Endometriosis-Associated Uterine Myoma and Adenomyosis 485**

Kazutoshi Matsunami and Satoshi Ichigo

Chapter 25 **Pelvic Endometriosis: A MR Pictorial Review 447** 

Chapter 27 **Medical Treatment in Endometriosis 475** 

Atsushi Imai, Hiroshi Takagi,

Chapter 22 **Endometriosis and Infertility:** 

**Section 4 Diagnosis and Treatment 417** 

Shalini Jain Bagaria,

Elham Pourmatroud

Chapter 28 **Sequential Management with**

Chapter 23 **Current Insights and Future Advances in Endometriosis Diagnostics 419**  Michele Cioffi and Maria Teresa Vietri

**in Infertile Patients with Endometriosis 383** Veljko Vlaisavljević, Marko Došen and Borut Kovačič



VI Contents

Chapter 9 **Progesterone Resistance and Targeting the Progesterone** 

**the Formation of Endometriotic Lesions 211** 

Chapter 12 **Virus Infection and Type I Interferon in Endometriosis 245** 

Chapter 13 **Stem Cell as the Novel Pathogenesis of Endometriosis 263** 

Gene Chi Wai Man, Hui Xu and Chi Chiu Wang

Chapter 16 **Endometriosis-Associated Ovarian Cancer: The Role of** 

Chapter 15 **Endometrial Stem Cells and Endometriosis 297**  Jafar Ai and Esmaeil Sadroddiny

Yoriko Yamashita and Shinya Toyokuni

Chapter 17 **Alteration in Endometrial Remodeling: A Cause for Implantation Failure in Endometriosis? 325** Saikat K. Jana, Priyanka Banerjee, Shyam Thangaraju,

Baidyanath Chakravarty and Koel Chaudhury

Chapter 18 **Pathomechanism of Infertility in Endometriosis 343** 

Chapter 19 **Analysis of Differential Genes of Uyghur Women with** 

Chapter 20 **Primary Afferent Nociceptors and Visceral Pain 367**

**Endometriosis in Xinjiang 355**  Aixingzi Aili, Ding Yan, Hu Wenjing, Yang Xinhua and Hanikezi Tuerxun

Pia M. Martensen, Anna L. Vestergaard and Ulla B. Knudsen

Chapter 10 **Endometriosis and Angiogenic Factors 183** P. G. Artini, M. Ruggiero, F. Papini, G. Simi, V. Cela and A. R. Genazzani

Chapter 11 **The Local Immune Mechanisms Involved in**

Yulia Antsiferova and Natalya Sotnikova

Nick Pullen

Eing-Mei Tsai

Chapter 14 **Green Tea for Endometriosis 277** 

**Section 3 Recent Research Trends 309** 

Hendi Hendarto

Victor Chaban

**Oxidative Stress 311** 

**Receptors: A Therapeutic Approach to Endometriosis 157**

**and Dienogest of Endometriosis-Associated Uterine Myoma and Adenomyosis 485**  Atsushi Imai, Hiroshi Takagi, Kazutoshi Matsunami and Satoshi Ichigo

Preface

**Dedication** 

**endometriosis** 

**We dedicate this book to thousands of women all over the world suffering from**

Endometriosis is a progressive debilitating disease affecting the physical, social and psychological aspects of normal life quality in nearly 1 of 7 women of reproductive age. Endometriosis is considered to be an enigmatic disease owing to the lack of specific set of symptoms, poorly understood pathogenesis, complexity in diagnosis and limited therapeutic options available for management of the disorder. The last three decades we have witnessed a significant volume of research related to endometriosis. We felt the need to bring together contributions of experts working on pathophysiology, diagnosis and therapeutic aspects of endometriosis. We genuinely hope that the readers will enjoy reading these informative articles contributed by eminent clinicians and scientists. We, as editors, would sincerely feel rewarded if the readers put to use the contents of the book to alleviate the pain and misery of women

We sincerely appreciate the valuable contributions of all the authors who have put in considerable effort to make the book a success. We are grateful to Dr. Ashalatha Ganesh for providing her expert opinion and valuable suggestions. We are most thankful to InTech publisher for providing us with an opportunity to edit a book of such great clinical relevance. Finally, our sincere thanks to Bojan Rafaj, Publishing Process Manager

> **Koel Chaudhury** (Editor) Associate Professor

> > Salt Lake, Kolkata

India

India

School of Medical Science and Technology Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur

**Baidyanath Chakravarty** (Co-editor) Director Institute of Reproductive Medicine

suffering from endometriosis, a disease which still remains a challenge.

for the excellent support extended to us throughout the editing process.
