**6. Conclusion**

Endometriosis is a multifactorial disorder including retrograde menstruation, immune tolerance, adhesion, transplantation and proliferation modulated by abnormal inflammatory cytokines profile in peritoneal fluid. Future studies are necessary to focus on the whole picture of signaling pathway in early pathogenesis.

The current treatments mainly focus on inhibiting estrogen and its receptors which are not useful for every patient with endometriosis because estrogen is only one factor in the development of endometriosis. The signaling pathway is essential and makes it possible to develop an effective medication which could not only decrease estrogen level but also inhibit inflammation cytokines, ROS and angiogenesis. On the other hand, complete understanding of pathogenesis of endometriosis such as cytokines could provide a new way to diagnose and even to divide the disease into different stages according to pathophysiolocal characteristics, which makes the treatment individual and personal.

What's more, prevention of endometriosis after surgery is also very important. The current medicines used for prevention of recurrence are not very effective and have various side effects. The understanding of pathogenesis of early endometriosis may produce a better therapy to prevent recurrence. Ultimately, more clinical and basic researches should be carried out to overcome the complicated disease.
