**Author details**

Mysara E. Mohyaldinn\*, Anas M. Hassan and Mohammed A. Ayoub Department of Petroleum Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS (UTP), Teronoh, Perak, Malaysia

\*Address all correspondence to: mysara.eissa@utp.edu.my

© 2019 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

**129**

*Application of Emulsions and Microemulsions in Enhanced Oil Recovery and Well Stimulation*

distributions and rheological properties of model oil-in-water emulsions. Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies. 2000;**1**(2):127-134

[9] Pal R. Effect of droplet size on the rheology of emulsions. AICHE Journal.

[10] Mohammed RA, Bailey AI, Luckham PF, Taylor SE. The effect of demulsifiers on the interfacial rheology and emulsion stability of water-in-crude oil emulsions. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects. 1994;**91**:129-139

[11] Akbari S, Nour AH, Jamari SS, Fayaz F. Rheology and stability mechanism of water-in-crude oil emulsions stabilized by span 83. ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences.

[12] Keleşoğlu S, Pettersen BH, Sjöblom J. Flow properties of water-in north sea heavy crude oil emulsions. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering.

[13] Madaan V, Chanana K, Kataria MK, Bilandi A. Emulsion technology and recent trends in emulsion applications. International Research Journal of Pharmacy. 2014;**5**(7):533-542

Herrera-Morales PE, Pandey S, Shah DO.

Mechanisms, physicochemical aspects, modeling, and applications. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology.

[15] Bhardwaj A, Hartland S. Studies on build-up of interfacial film at the crude oil/water interface. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology.

[16] Bera A, Mandal A. Microemulsions: A novel approach to enhanced oil

1996;**42**(11):3181-3190

2006;**11**(4)

2012;**100**:14-23

[14] López-Montilla JC,

2002;**23**(1-3):219-268

1998;**19**(4):465-473

Spontaneous emulsification:

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.84538*

[1] Khan BA, Akhtar N, Khan HMS, Waseem K, Mahmood T, Rasul A, et al. Basics of pharmaceutical emulsions: A review. African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology. 2011;**5**(25):2715-2725

[2] Hasan SW, Ghannam MT, Esmail N. Heavy crude oil viscosity reduction and rheology for pipeline transportation. Fuel.

[3] Martínez-Palou R, Cerón-Camacho R, Chávez B, Vallejo AA, Villanueva-Negrete D, Castellanos J, et al. Demulsification of heavy crude oil-in-water emulsions: A comparative study between microwave and thermal

heating. Fuel. 2013;**113**:407-414

[4] Becerra HQ, Retamoso C,

[5] Uma A-B, Saaid IBM,

2018;**165**:673-690

AdebayoSulaimon A, Pilus RBM. A review of petroleum emulsions and recent progress on waterin-crude oil emulsions stabilized by natural surfactants and solids. Journal of

Petroleum Science and Engineering. June

[6] Fingas M, Fieldhouse B. Studies on crude oil and petroleum product emulsions: Water resolution and rheology. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects. 2009;**333**(1-3):67-81

[7] Wong SF, Lim JS, Dol SS. Crude oil emulsion: A review on formation, classification and stability of water-in-oil emulsions. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering. 2015;**135**:498-504

Lardieres J. Effect of high-pressure homogenization on droplet size

[8] Floury J, Desrumaux A,

Macdonald DD. The corrosion of carbon steel in oil-in-water emulsions under controlled hydrodynamic conditions. Corrosion Science. 2000;**42**(3):561-575

2010;**89**(5):1095-1100

**References**

*Application of Emulsions and Microemulsions in Enhanced Oil Recovery and Well Stimulation DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.84538*
