**Meet the editors**

Ján Višňovský is an associate professor at the Faculty of Mass Media Communication UCM in Trnava, Slovakia. He is particularly interested in the problems and questions of journalism in the context of the development of information and communication technologies. Besides working as a lecturer, he is also a member of editorial boards of Slovak and foreign scientific journals and

scientific committees of international conferences. His key works are the monographs *Life and Work of Dominik Tatarka* (2009) and *Current Questions of Theory and Practice of Journalism in the Internet Era* (2015), both in the Slovak language. He has been awarded by the Slovak Literary Fund (2016).

Jana Radošinská has been a lecturer at the Faculty of Mass Media Communication UCM in Trnava, Slovakia, since 2014, after finishing her PhD in media studies. Her scholarly and research interests include the issues of media culture, media industry and its critical analysis, mainstream film production and media entertainment. She also focuses on the problems related to contempo-

rary media audiences, cultural aspects of journalism, television studies and digital games. She has authored or co-authored three scientific monographs in the Slovak language (2013, 2015, 2016) as well as several studies published in scientific journals indexed in Web of Science or SCOPUS. She is a member of the editorial office of the renowned scientific journal *Communication Today*, working as an English Editor.

Contents

**Preface VII**

**Social Media 3**

**Journalism 11**

**and Ethics 35**

Kinshuk Pathak

**Social Media 65**

Alonit Berenson

**Comment Threads 13** James Gordon Morrison

Basyouni Ibrahim Hamada

Ján Višňovský and Jana Radošinská

**Section 2 The Social and Cultural Implications of Social Media**

Chapter 4 **An Evaluative Study of Influence of Social Media on**

**Section 3 The Technological and Economic Evolution of**

**Transition to Media Matrix 67**

Chapter 1 **Introductory Chapter: Some Notes on Journalism in the Age of**

Chapter 2 **Online News Audiences as Co-Authors? The Extent and Limits**

Chapter 3 **Social Media: A Turning Point into Global Journalism Identity**

Chapter 5 **Journalism and Social Media Frame Social Movements: The**

**of Collaborative Citizen-Professional Journalism on Newspaper**

**Journalism: Interference or Professional Advancement 57**

**Section 1 Introduction 1**

## Contents



### Chapter 6 **Social Media and Technology Trends in HRM: Cases in Recruitment and Talent Management 85** Debolina Dutta

### Chapter 7 **Evolving Networks and Social Network Analysis Methods and Techniques 101**

Mário Cordeiro, Rui P. Sarmento, Pavel Brazdil and João Gama

Preface

natural part of their everyday lives.

Throughout the twenty-first century, journalism has changed immensely. Once published only in the traditional press, news and opinions have quickly found their way into electronic media – film, radio, television and the Internet. Of course, each form of journalism has its own specific features and characteristic expressions that influence the processes of produc‐ ing, distributing and reading journalistic contents. On the one hand, the circulation of print media (especially dailies) in Europe is currently stagnant and their target readers are pre‐ dominantly older or middle aged. On the other hand, social media and digital applications are able to offer younger generations many new ways of reading and watching journalistic production. Most young people actively use the Internet – and social media in particular – to communicate, relax, participate in various leisure activities or seek information. The genera‐ tions of 'digital natives' (however, not only them) use social media almost automatically as a

Besides offering information and entertainment, journalistic products spread via social me‐ dia platforms fulfil many other functions. They significantly shape the public opinion and allow their users to widely discuss current affairs and public events. Some of these discus‐ sions and polemics may even lead to society-transforming processes. Professional journalists and other people who create journalistic contents published on social media platforms thus have to face new challenges. News and opinions need to attract and hold the audiences' at‐ tention to succeed economically, and given the importance of innovative online advertising, journalists are required to find a certain balance between focusing on serious information,

The relationships between social media and journalism are very complex and sometimes hard to understand, and that is why the authors of the individual chapters of this publica‐ tion aim to address various implications of social media journalism – especially its social, cultural, economic and technological significance. This publication is therefore divided into two sections. The first one is focused on the social and cultural aspects of social media jour‐ nalism, offering three related chapters, while the second consisting of three chapters deals

James Morrison's chapter discusses media audiences and the ways they actively participate in 'making' or rather 'completing' news stories on the Internet, especially by posting their comments, i.e. by contributing to discussion threads below news articles. Basyouni Ibrahim Hamada's text on social media journalism and related ethical issues claims that given the shift in the ways we see journalists and the values they foster, it is necessary to critically consider the transformation of traditional journalistic routines, values and processes. Pathak

amusing their readers and presenting products, ideas or people.

with the economic and technological evolution of social media platforms.

## Preface

Chapter 6 **Social Media and Technology Trends in HRM: Cases in Recruitment and Talent Management 85**

Chapter 7 **Evolving Networks and Social Network Analysis Methods and**

Mário Cordeiro, Rui P. Sarmento, Pavel Brazdil and João Gama

Debolina Dutta

**VI** Contents

**Techniques 101**

Throughout the twenty-first century, journalism has changed immensely. Once published only in the traditional press, news and opinions have quickly found their way into electronic media – film, radio, television and the Internet. Of course, each form of journalism has its own specific features and characteristic expressions that influence the processes of produc‐ ing, distributing and reading journalistic contents. On the one hand, the circulation of print media (especially dailies) in Europe is currently stagnant and their target readers are pre‐ dominantly older or middle aged. On the other hand, social media and digital applications are able to offer younger generations many new ways of reading and watching journalistic production. Most young people actively use the Internet – and social media in particular – to communicate, relax, participate in various leisure activities or seek information. The genera‐ tions of 'digital natives' (however, not only them) use social media almost automatically as a natural part of their everyday lives.

Besides offering information and entertainment, journalistic products spread via social me‐ dia platforms fulfil many other functions. They significantly shape the public opinion and allow their users to widely discuss current affairs and public events. Some of these discus‐ sions and polemics may even lead to society-transforming processes. Professional journalists and other people who create journalistic contents published on social media platforms thus have to face new challenges. News and opinions need to attract and hold the audiences' at‐ tention to succeed economically, and given the importance of innovative online advertising, journalists are required to find a certain balance between focusing on serious information, amusing their readers and presenting products, ideas or people.

The relationships between social media and journalism are very complex and sometimes hard to understand, and that is why the authors of the individual chapters of this publica‐ tion aim to address various implications of social media journalism – especially its social, cultural, economic and technological significance. This publication is therefore divided into two sections. The first one is focused on the social and cultural aspects of social media jour‐ nalism, offering three related chapters, while the second consisting of three chapters deals with the economic and technological evolution of social media platforms.

James Morrison's chapter discusses media audiences and the ways they actively participate in 'making' or rather 'completing' news stories on the Internet, especially by posting their comments, i.e. by contributing to discussion threads below news articles. Basyouni Ibrahim Hamada's text on social media journalism and related ethical issues claims that given the shift in the ways we see journalists and the values they foster, it is necessary to critically consider the transformation of traditional journalistic routines, values and processes. Pathak Kinshuk's contribution reflects on new trends in journalistic production in India, which re‐ sult from the increasing prominence of social media.

Following the research tradition of technological determinism, Alonit Berenson offers a body of knowledge on how social media influence public affairs and the formation of social movements. However, as Dutta Debolina's chapter points out, we also need to consider var‐ ious economic implications of social media; for instance, the fact that social media and new digital technologies transform the whole field of human resources management. Reacting to the increasing need to find appropriate ways of analysing social media and their contents, Mário Cordeiro, Rui P. Sarmento and João Gama discuss the timely and very serious topic of finding suitable and functional methodological approaches and research frameworks that would enable researchers to conduct thorough analyses of social networks.

The publication's key ambition is to find its readership amongst the general public who are interested in the contemporary questions of social media and journalism, as well as amongst scholars focusing on theoretical and empirical reflections on the given field of expertise. As we believe, some of the information, research results and conclusions may also be useful for sociologists, social psychologists, teachers, students specialising in journalism, media studies and related spheres of study, as well as for HR executives, media professionals, mar‐ keting experts or e-commerce specialists.

> **Ján Višňovský and Jana Radošinská** Associate Professors Faculty of Mass Media Communication University of SS. Cyril and Methodius Trnava, Slovak Republic

**Introduction**

**Section 1**

**Section 1**
