Preface

**Section 5 Cardiac Critical Care 103**

**VI** Contents

Chapter 6 **Current Perspectives on Cardiomyopathies 105**

Nandita Mehta and Sayyidah Aasima tu Nisa Qazi

Intensive care medicine is rapidly evolving and becomes increasingly complex, and the basic and clinical skills required to treat critical illnesses continue to transcend subspecialties. For this reason, intensivists have to master a number of medical disciplines such as anesthesiolo‐ gy, surgery, chest diseases, psychiatry, and infectious diseases. In this book, critical care for neonatal, neurological, and cardiological patients; fluid management in these patients; and intensive care infections are included. We hope the readers find this book to be helpful.

**Prof. Dr. Riza Hakan Erbay, M.D.**

Chairman of Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation Faculty of Medicine Pamukkale University Denizli, Turkey

**Section 1**

**Fluid Management in ICU**

**Fluid Management in ICU**

**Chapter 1**

**Provisional chapter**

**Measuring and Managing Fluid Overload in Pediatric**

**Measuring and Managing Fluid Overload in Pediatric** 

Fluid management is one of the regular aspects of care in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) setting, and its importance has been stressed in previous studies. Fluid resuscitation, as part of fluid management, may be needed to maintain intravascular volume, and prior studies showed that early aggressive fluid resuscitation may improve outcome in critical illness, especially in endothelial-dysfunction associated conditions. Unfortunately, this routine management often leads to the development of positive fluid balance and, consequently, fluid overload. Many evidences have stated that excessive fluid administration is closely associated with negative effects for children who were admitted in PICU. Moreover, fluid balance before PICU admission is also important because uncertainty about quantification fluid balance before admission can lead to

**Keywords:** positive fluid balance, children, pediatric intensive care, managing

Fluid management is one of the regular aspects of care in PICU setting, and its importance has been stressed in previous studies [1]. Fluid resuscitation, as part of fluid management, may be needed to maintain intravascular volume [2], and prior studies showed that early aggressive fluid resuscitation may improve outcome in critical illness [1], especially in endothelial-dysfunction associated conditions [3]. Unfortunately, this routine management often leads to the development positive fluid balance and consequently, fluid overload (FO) [1, 3, 4]. Many evidences have stated that excessive fluid administration is closely associated with negative effects for children who were admitted in PICU [3, 4]. FO was known to cause

> © 2016 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

© 2018 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use,

distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.79293

**Intensive Care Unit**

**Intensive Care Unit**

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.79293

underestimated fluid overload.

Dyah Kanya Wati

**Abstract**

**1. Introduction**

Dyah Kanya Wati

#### **Measuring and Managing Fluid Overload in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Measuring and Managing Fluid Overload in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit**

DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.79293

Dyah Kanya Wati Dyah Kanya Wati

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.79293

#### **Abstract**

Fluid management is one of the regular aspects of care in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) setting, and its importance has been stressed in previous studies. Fluid resuscitation, as part of fluid management, may be needed to maintain intravascular volume, and prior studies showed that early aggressive fluid resuscitation may improve outcome in critical illness, especially in endothelial-dysfunction associated conditions. Unfortunately, this routine management often leads to the development of positive fluid balance and, consequently, fluid overload. Many evidences have stated that excessive fluid administration is closely associated with negative effects for children who were admitted in PICU. Moreover, fluid balance before PICU admission is also important because uncertainty about quantification fluid balance before admission can lead to underestimated fluid overload.

**Keywords:** positive fluid balance, children, pediatric intensive care, managing
