**Acknowledgements**

of this is an increase in the performance of the batteries and their cyclic stability. Sometimes, rGO aerogels containing metal, metal oxide, and metal sulfide are used as hybrid materials

as an integral part of the FOG aerogel for this application [44]. Batteries with this material also

Three-dimensional electroconductive structures of rGO aerogels are an excellent platform for creating electrochemical sensors, strain gauge sensor, and biosensors. Introduction to the structure of metals, oxides, and hydroxides of metals provides high sensitivity and electrochemical stability [46]. Ultraelastic aerogels based on rGO and carbon nanotubes were fabricated for use in a strain gauge sensor with adjustable voltage/pressure measurement [47]. The sensitivity is adjusted by changing the aerogel density. In the compression test, the measurement coefficient was 230 and 125% for deformations of 30 and 60%, respectively. The aerogel containing gold nanoparticles in its structure was used for the electrochemical determination of hydroquinone and o-dihydroxybenzene [48]. The detection limit is 1.5 × 10−8 M for hydro-

In the technique, actuators are transducers that convert an input signal (electrical, optical, mechanical, pneumatic, etc.) into an output signal (usually in motion) that acts on the control object. Devices of this type include electric motors; electric, pneumatic, or hydraulic actuators; relay devices; comb drives; DMD mirrors; electroactive polymers; robotic grasping mechanisms, drives for their moving parts, including solenoid actuators and voice coils; and many others. Recently, the actuators have been intensively studied as potential devices in flexible displays, soft robotics, and haptic devices. rGO-based aerogels are ideal candidates for such devices, because they have high porosity, are ultra-light, flexible, and resilient. To be able to

it [49]. This material demonstrated great magnetic field-induced actuations of 52 and 35% along the radial and axial directions, respectively. Also, several works on actuators based on materials with shape memory are known. Li et al. developed an actuator based on an aerogel

Aerogels based on reduced graphene oxide are promising materials and attracting the interest of many researchers due to unique physicochemical properties. High specific surface area, extremely low density, high porosity, uniqueness of structure, and good electrical conductivity make these materials indispensable in many applications. Main researches are carried out in the direction of surface modification with various materials in order to improve the mechanical, electrophysical, and structural properties of these materials, and the variety and number of articles in this field testify to the incredible promise of materials based on graphenelike particles. However, there are a number of problems that need to be overcome in order to bring most of the developments beyond the scope of laboratory research. First, it is necessary

from rGO and trans-1,4-polyisoprene, which showed a strain of 80% at 10 V [31].

O4

O4

were introduced into

[42, 43] and Fe<sup>2</sup>

is also used

O3

for the cathode of Li-ion batteries [41]. Similar structures containing Fe3

show high performance (600–1200 mA\*h\*g−1) [45].

50 Graphene Oxide - Applications and Opportunities

quinone and 3.3 × 10−9 M for o-dihydroxybenzene.

**4. Conclusion**

act on the aerogel with magnetic forces, magnetic nanoparticles of Fe3

[39] show promising capacities (900–1100 mA\*h\*g−1) with good cyclicality. SnO<sup>2</sup>

This work was partially supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project 16-29-06440).
