**2.5. Antioxidant activity by DPPH method**

This method is simple and sensitive. The assay is based on the theory of hydrogen donor is an antioxidant. It measures compounds that are total radicle scavengers. DPPH accept hydrogen from an antioxidant. The antioxidant effect is proportional to disappearance of DPPH in the test sample. These methods involve measurement of decrease in absorbance of DPPH at its absorption maxima of 516 nm, which is proportional to concentration of free radicle scavenger added to DPPH reagent solution [14].

Calculation

**2.7. Qualitative phytochemical analysis**

reported by Parekh and Chanda (2008) [16].

**2.8. Thin Layer chromatography**

of alkaloids in the sample.

**2.9. HPTLC analysis**

graphs were taken for record.

Calculation

% *of anti* <sup>−</sup> *denaruration activity* <sup>=</sup> *Control absorbance* <sup>−</sup> *Sample absorbancex* \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ *Control absorbance*! <sup>×</sup> <sup>100</sup>

The qualitative phytochemical analysis of test for alkaloids, test for flavonoids, test for phytosterols, test for saponin, test for phenol and test for tannin perform by standard method

Evaluation of Nutritional and Medicinal Properties of *Opuntia elatior* Mill

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The separate chemical mixtures using the thin layer chromatography (TLC). TLC is performed on a sheet of aluminum foil, thin layer coated with of adsorbent material use the silica gel. This thin layer of adsorbent is known as the stationary phase. The solvent mixture (mobile phase) is drawn up the plate via capillary action and after the sample has been applied on the plate. Separation is achieved based on the different ascends the TLC plate at different rates [17]. **Procedure:** 10 ml of Methanol: chloroform (6: 4) was taken in glass beaker as a stationary phase. Test sample was applied on thin layer of absorbent material using capillary tube. This absorbent sheet was placed in beaker containing methanol: chloroform solvents and allowing it to run. After running of sample with solvent mixture absorbent sheet was removed from the beaker and was allowed it to dry. After drying of sheet, it was observed in UV light at high and short wavelength. Spray of concentrated sulfuric acid was applied to it to detect presence

HPTLC analysis based on the principles of adsorption the separation of compound. The mobile phase solvent flows based upon the principle of capillary action. The chemical components separation according to their affinities toward the absorbent. The stationary phase travels slower because component with more affinity. Travels faster the chemical molecule component with lesser chemical charge toward the stationary phase. Thus, the component separated on a chromatographic plate. A 10 mg of methanolic extract was dissolved in 1 ml of methanol. This test solution was used for HPTC analysis. HPTLC aluminum sheet precoated with silica gel was used as the adsorbent. The chromatographic development chamber was saturated with mobile phase to place the plates. The plates were run and derivatized. The derivatized plates were heated, bands were observed and scanned at 254 nm and photo-

*Rf* value <sup>=</sup> Distance travelled by solute \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Distance travelled by solvent
