**Author details**

algorithm parameters as well as to observe the impact of the overall system performance with

There are many dynamic car simulators, and it is a very realistic model in terms of vehicle dynamics and driving experience. These simulators and the models have enormous effects to capture the very complex nonlinear situations that affect the dynamic behavior of the vehicle. These simulators can interface with custom vehicle controllers in order to observe the impact on vehicle performance with outstanding reality. Many of these simulators are dedicated to automobile development. Examples include ADAMS/Car, CarSim, CarMaker, and others. Using these simulators, the engineering team can quickly build and test functional virtual prototypes of vehicles and vehicle subsystems, increase productivity, reduce time to market, reduce costs, and improve efficiency. Vehicle dynamics can be investigated due to the simulation of the dynamic behavior of many vehicles including passenger cars, racing cars, light trucks, and utility cars. However, the precision, agility, robustness, efficiency, and intelligence of the motion control system are important for the simulation system. Difficult points for engineers lie in various factors such as nonlinearity, friction, complex internal dynamics, time-varying parameters of system dynamics, working environment disturbances, and complex task tasks. To use advanced control algorithms and schemes, time/frequency domain modeling, system identification, observation of unmeasured state, estimation of important parameters, and corresponding analysis are often necessary [10]. The simulation tools provide a reliable environment in which the tests can be repeated accurately. In addition, simulation and support tools provide an atmosphere to develop a necessary environment because there are test scenarios before installing a driving assistance system on actual vehicles. A simulation tool that performs the hardware in the loop test is used to test and calibrate hardware components such as ECUs by integrating the components in a run test. Since the tool produces very accurate results, the functions of hardware components can be rigorously tested before using them in real vehicles.

In this chapter, the means of enhance active and comprehensive safety policy on the automobile dynamics control system is described. The vehicle dynamics control has evolved due to the progress of electronics, miniaturization, and software development and is growing quickly in the future. Moreover, systems of ABS, TCS, ESC, TVC, and ARC are described.

Sensor fusion and connectivity might be more important. Sensor fusion is a technique that combines in multiple physical sensors and generates that combine accurate data even if each sensor alone cannot be trusted. Not only the number and type of sensors but also how to use sensors is important. Software synthesizing results from multiple sources provides more sophisticated analysis with more rapid insight than when data from each sensor must be processed separately. By combining input from various sensors to complement the limits and errors of each sensor, the function can be assured. Automotive suppliers continue to find new ways to replace existing mechanical systems, and it is estimated that in the future, development such fusing and connecting sensors will continue for automatic operations. Electronic

increments in time and cost and further improve quality.

38 New Trends in Electrical Vehicle Powertrains

**3. Conclusion**

#### Shinji Kajiwara

Address all correspondence to: kajiwara@mech.kindai.ac.jp

Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, Higashioska, Osaka, Japan
