**Author details**

**Nomenclature**

246 Desalination and Water Treatment

COD chemical oxygen demand BOD biological oxygen demand

TDS total dissolved solids

PM polymeric membranes

O3

ceramic membranes

CM ceramic membrane

TiO<sup>2</sup> titania SiO<sup>2</sup> silica

ZrO2 zirconia


O3 alumina

ED electrodialysis GS gas separation

O3 alpha alumina

O3 gamma alumina pHpzc the point of zero charge

R the membrane rejection

Cf concentration in the feed

TMP transmembrane pressure

HFNF γ-Al<sup>2</sup>

Cp concentration in the permeate

Ra the observed solute rejections

Jv the volumetric permeate flux

O3 /α-Al<sup>2</sup> O3

hollow fiber NF composite membranes

Lp the membrane hydraulic permeability

Cw concentration at the membrane wall

Al2

Al2 O3

α-Al<sup>2</sup>

γ-Al<sup>2</sup>

MF microfiltration UF ultrafiltration NF nanofiltration RO reverse osmosis

Saad Alami Younssi\*, Majda Breida and Brahim Achiou

\*Address all correspondence to: alamiyounssisaad@yahoo.fr

Laboratory of Materials, Membranes and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies of Mohammedia, University Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
