**Meet the editors**

Dr. Jean Guy LeBlanc has a PhD in Biochemistry (U. Nacional de Tucuman, Argentina), MSc and BSc in Biochemistry (U. Moncton, Canada), and is a Principal Researcher (CERELA-CONICET, Argentina) and a postgraduate teacher (Faculty of Biochemistry, Chemistry and Pharmacy, U. Nacional Tucumán, Argentina). His principal areas of study include the use of lactic acid

bacteria to increase bioactive compounds (vitamins, digestive enzymes, antioxidants, etc.) for the fermentation of foods or as biopharmaceuticals to treat and prevent vitamin deficiencies, inflammatory diseases, and some types of cancer. He has edited 4 books, published 88 peer-reviewed articles and 28 book chapters and has participated in 126 works in scientific meetings (July, 2018).

Graciela Savoy has a PhD in Biochemistry (Nacional University of Tucuman, Argentina), is a full scientist at the Department of Technology and Development, Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CON-ICET, Argentina) and an assistant professor (Faculty of Biochemistry, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Universidad Nacional Tucumán, Argentina). Professor Savoy earned

her biochemist degree from the National University of Rosario, Argentina. Her principal areas of study include microbiology and biotechnology of lactic acid bacteria with emphasis on their use as functional cultures. She has published more than 100 research articles, book chapters, reviews and proceeding articles on lactic acid bacteria in biofunctional foods.

Contents

**Preface VII**

Jean Guy LeBlanc

**in Archaea 9**

Julie A. Maupin-Furlow

**Improvement 33**

Balia Yusof

Chapter 5 **Folate in Dentistry 65**

**FTIR Spectroscopy 85**

Navamani Hephzibah Kirubamani

Chapter 1 **Introductory Chapter: B-Group Vitamins 3**

Chapter 2 **Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) Metabolism and Regulation**

Chapter 4 **Nutritional Guidance in Sakado Folate Project 47**

Aysan Lektemur Alpan and Nebi Cansin Karakan

Chapter 6 **Deficiency of Folate in Pregnancy on Diverse Subjects Using**

Rahaman Raziya Sultana, Sheik Nizamuddin Zafarullah and

Chapter 3 **The Role of Thiamine in Plants and Current Perspectives in Crop**

Atiqah Subki, Aisamuddin Ardi Zainal Abidin and Zetty Norhana

Mayumi Yurimoto, Mami Hiraoka, Mitsuyo Kageyama, Yoshiko Kontai, Chiharu Nishijima, Kaori Sakamoto and Yasuo Kagawa

**Section 1 Introduction 1**

**Section 2 Thiamin 7**

**Section 3 Folate 45**

## Contents

### **Preface XI**


Chapter 6 **Deficiency of Folate in Pregnancy on Diverse Subjects Using FTIR Spectroscopy 85** Rahaman Raziya Sultana, Sheik Nizamuddin Zafarullah and Navamani Hephzibah Kirubamani

### **Section 4 Other B vitamins 105**

### Chapter 7 **Niacin, Metabolic Stress and Insulin Resistance in Dairy Cows 107** Marko Cincović, Talija Hristovska and Branislava Belić

### Chapter 8 **Vitamin B2 and Innovations in Improving Blood Safety 127** Raymond P. Goodrich, Marcia Cardoso and Susanne Marschner

Preface

important micronutrients.

ance in dairy cows.

This book contains eight chapters dealing with different aspects of B-group vitamins including their roles, uses, and perspectives. Authors from seven different countries (Argentina, India, Japan, Malaysia, Serbia, Turkey and the USA) have written original chapters relevant to these

This multitopic book is divided into three sections: Folate, Thiamin, and Other B-Vitamins. In the first section, there is discussion on the use of novel methods such as FTIR to detect fo‐ late (vitamin B9) in pregnant women, the use and role of folate in dentistry and the use of genotype notification, such as methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphisms C677T, to urge patients to increase their intake of foods rich in folates such as green-yellow vegetables

The second section involves the description of thiamin (vitamin B1) metabolism in Archaea and the role that this vitamin plays in plants and the current perspectives on crop improvement.

The third section involves a description of riboflavin (vitamin B2) and innovations in improv‐ ing blood safety and the role niacin (vitamin B3) plays in metabolic stress and insulin resist‐

> **Jean Guy LeBlanc** CERELA-CONICET

**Graciela Savoy de Giori**

San Miguel de Tucuman, Argentina

San Miguel de Tucuman, Argentina

with promising original data from the Sakado Folate Project.

## Preface

**Section 4 Other B vitamins 105**

**VI** Contents

**Dairy Cows 107**

Chapter 7 **Niacin, Metabolic Stress and Insulin Resistance in**

Marko Cincović, Talija Hristovska and Branislava Belić

Chapter 8 **Vitamin B2 and Innovations in Improving Blood Safety 127**

Raymond P. Goodrich, Marcia Cardoso and Susanne Marschner

This book contains eight chapters dealing with different aspects of B-group vitamins including their roles, uses, and perspectives. Authors from seven different countries (Argentina, India, Japan, Malaysia, Serbia, Turkey and the USA) have written original chapters relevant to these important micronutrients.

This multitopic book is divided into three sections: Folate, Thiamin, and Other B-Vitamins.

In the first section, there is discussion on the use of novel methods such as FTIR to detect fo‐ late (vitamin B9) in pregnant women, the use and role of folate in dentistry and the use of genotype notification, such as methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphisms C677T, to urge patients to increase their intake of foods rich in folates such as green-yellow vegetables with promising original data from the Sakado Folate Project.

The second section involves the description of thiamin (vitamin B1) metabolism in Archaea and the role that this vitamin plays in plants and the current perspectives on crop improvement.

The third section involves a description of riboflavin (vitamin B2) and innovations in improv‐ ing blood safety and the role niacin (vitamin B3) plays in metabolic stress and insulin resist‐ ance in dairy cows.

> **Jean Guy LeBlanc** CERELA-CONICET San Miguel de Tucuman, Argentina

**Graciela Savoy de Giori** San Miguel de Tucuman, Argentina

**Section 1**

**Introduction**

**Section 1**
