**6. Non-idealities in dielectric-modulated biosensors**

While simulating a geometry of a DM TFET as on a TCAD tool to assess its biosensing capacity, it is convenient to assume that the nanocavity is completely filled with the biomolecules. However, in practical cases, the issues of steric hindrance and probe placement do not allow the embedded nanogap to be completely filled [39]. As a result, partially filled nanogaps are formed.
