**Acknowledgements**

species are predominant in natural waters. In neutral conditions, As(V) species are completely

Arsenic compounds are colorless and odorless, and testing water for arsenic is an important strategy for the health and well-being of people. Working with a water professional to monitor and maintain the quality of the well and water supply is an important responsibility.

In this work, methods for arsenic and arsenic speciation separation, determination and removal were reviewed. There are numerous methods for separation and determination of arsenic species in water. It is very important to recognize easy, simple and inexpensive meth-

The total concentration of arsenic in drinking water can be detected by simple Gutzeit method, and some similar colorimetric methods of comparing stains produced on treated paper strips. Although its minimum detectable concentration is 1.0·μ L−1, these tests should be used when

For precise, and reliable determination of arsenic in water, only sophisticated analytical techniques as ICP-MS, GF-AAS and HG-AAS can be applied. These methods are approved by US EPA. The features of these methods are high sensitivity, high accuracy, minimal sample volume; no sample pretreatment and short measurement time with minimum detectable concentration of 0.1 μ L−1. They are expensive, need lot of knowledge for operating and interpretation of data. For As speciation analysis, well-established methods that involve the coupling of separation techniques, such as HPLC with a sensitive detection system, that is, ICP-MS, are recommended, and they are mostly used. Through the limits, it is possible to define the smallest concentration of analyte that can be reliably detected and quantified. Limit of detection for the HPLC-ICP-MS system is 0.001 μ L−1. This system is also expensive and needs lot of knowledge

In all works, a special attention is paid to the preservation of arsenic species in environmental water samples for reliable speciation analysis. An appropriate procedure for the extraction of arsenic species from water should be accomplished without changing any original state of arsenic. This is still a challenging topic for research. The proposed system showed themselves to be accurate, precise and time efficient, as just a very simple sample treatment is required.

Sorption processes (ion exchange, adsorption, chemisorption) with regeneration capability are proven as efficient and low-cost treatment methods for the removal of arsenic species from water. Separation of arsenic species using these new selective and chemically active sorbents recognize as a cost- and time-saving alternative to the traditional extraction techniques. The major drawback of all these techniques is that they are unable to remove As(III) efficiently.

Membrane separation technologies, such as RO, NF, UF, MF, are recommended for the

Although there are numerous research papers focused on extraction techniques, yet it is not possible to set universal extraction procedures. These procedures depend on the presence of

Successful application of all methods required considerable practice.

removal of arsenic from water in water treatment plants.

2−), while As(III) is in molecular form (H3

AsO3

or HAsO2

).

in ionic form (H2

AsO4 −

20 Arsenic - Analytical and Toxicological Studies

and HAsO4

ods to estimate the very low concentrations of arsenic.

only a qualitative or semiqualitative detection is needed.

for operating and interpretation of data.

The authors are grateful to the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Serbia which supported our scientific work (projects no. TR37009, TR37010 and III43009).
