**7. Injection site care**

Recommended injection sites include the abdomen, lateral thigh, arms, and buttocks [34–38]. In the abdomen, injections or infusions in adults may be given within the following boundaries: 1 cm above symphysis pubis, 1 cm below the lowest rib, 1 cm away from the umbilicus, and laterally at the flanks. In the lateral thighs, patients should use the upper third anteriorly. The posterior lateral aspect of the upper buttocks and flanks may be used. In the arm, one may use the mid-third posterior aspect. In children, the abdominal boundaries are similar to adults, but 2 cm is used instead of 1 cm for all distances. A degree of clinical judgment must be used in all cases, adult and pediatric.
