**2.9. Determination of mitochondrial membrane potential and reactive oxygen species**

Investigation of ROS amount was carried out using the DCFDA—cellular Reactive Oxygen Species Detection Assay Kit (Abcam) as recommended in the instruction. Analysis was conducted using the median fluorescence intensity.

Analysis of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) was performed with the Mitochondria Staining Kit (Sigma) using JC-1 dye. Results were analyzed using the ratio of JC-1 aggregates (median value of FL2 channel) to JC-1 monomers (median value of FL21 channel).
