Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant no. 91534118). Weibin Shi would also like to acknowledge the Ph.D. scholarship of the International Doctoral Innovation Centre (IDIC) of University of Nottingham Ningbo China and the support of EPSRC (Grant no. EP/G037345/1).

This chapter is an extension of a conference paper that was presented at the 13th International Conference on Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics (HEFAT2017) and was nominated for invitation into the HEFAT2017 Special Issue of Heat Transfer Engineering based on its designation as a high-quality paper of relevance to the modelling of fluids based systems.
