Preface

**Section 3 Thermal Management 125**

**VI** Contents

**Battery Module 127**

Chapter 7 **Effectiveness of a Helix Tube to Water Cool a**

Desmond Adair, Kairat Ismailov and Zhumabay Bakenov

Heat and mass transfer is one of the most important engineering disciplines. An under‐ standing of the transport processes from mass, momentum and energy perspectives is indis‐ pensable to effective and efficient application of a number of technologies related to energy, materials, food processing, manufacturing and chemical processes. Heat and mass transfer research areas are increasingly linked with microfluidics and nanofluid, leading to new challenges and opportunities. New developments in heat and mass transfer enhancement techniques and computational methods have been proposed recently. This book focuses on the latest advances in applying fundamental heat and mass transfer theory, using experi‐ ments or novel mathematical and CFD modelling technologies to address a wide range of practical engineering problems of interest, including bubbly flow in column reactors, Cas‐ son nanofluid, hydrate dissociation in porous media, surface tension effect on water vapor absorption, battery thermal management, mass transfer in extractive distillation, molten pool behavior for submerged arc welding process, as well as the characterization of struc‐ ture and property factors when designing a plate heat exchanger. The presented interesting results and findings in the book are closely related to industrial applications.

We sincerely hope that the readers will enjoy the seven chapters in this book, which will contribute to advancing our understanding of heat and mass transfer processes to develop new and exciting technologies for future demands.

> **Yong Ren** Associate Professor University of Nottingham Ningbo China

**Section 1**

**Advances in Modelling of Heat and Mass**

**Transfer**

**Advances in Modelling of Heat and Mass Transfer**

**Chapter 1**

Provisional chapter

**Modeling and Analysis of Molten Pool Behavior for**

Modeling and Analysis of Molten Pool Behavior for

**Wire Electrodes**

Wire Electrodes

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.76725

models for different current values.

molten pool flow, arc interaction, multi-wire electrode

Dae-Won Cho

Abstract

1. Introduction

Dae-Won Cho

**Submerged Arc Welding Process with Single and Multi-**

DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.76725

This chapter describes the procedure of modelling and analysis of molten pool behavior for submerged arc welding process with single and multi-electrodes. As submerged arc welding process is conducted under the covered flux, it is very difficult to extract the various arc shapes and its physical models such as arc heat flux, arc pressure, electromagnetic force, droplet impingement and heat source by consumed flux. This chapter suggests the way to extract the various arc models for submerged arc welding process for single and multi-wire electrodes. As the droplet movements in submerged arc welding process are different from the arc current, this chapter tries to make the flux-wall guided droplet impingement models for low current value (I < 500 A) and spray droplet impingement model for high current value. In high current single electrode submerged arc welding, the molten pool flow pattern for different electrode angle and welding signal wave forms (DC and AC) are analyzed. This chapter also modeled and analyzed the molten pool behaviors for multi-wire electrodes in submerged arc welding process with an arc interaction

Keywords: computational fluid dynamics (CFD), submerged arc welding (SAW),

Submerged arc welding (SAW) is a very complex process that includes physical and chemical reactions. Moreover, it is very difficult to investigate the whole SAW process using numerical simulations [1–4]. However, the molten zone and heat-affected zone (HAZ) could be estimated using the finite element method (FEM) and considering just the conduction heat transfer.

> © 2016 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and eproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

© 2018 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use,

distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Submerged Arc Welding Process with Single and Multi-

#### **Modeling and Analysis of Molten Pool Behavior for Submerged Arc Welding Process with Single and Multi-Wire Electrodes** Modeling and Analysis of Molten Pool Behavior for Submerged Arc Welding Process with Single and Multi-Wire Electrodes

DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.76725

Dae-Won Cho Dae-Won Cho

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.76725

#### Abstract

This chapter describes the procedure of modelling and analysis of molten pool behavior for submerged arc welding process with single and multi-electrodes. As submerged arc welding process is conducted under the covered flux, it is very difficult to extract the various arc shapes and its physical models such as arc heat flux, arc pressure, electromagnetic force, droplet impingement and heat source by consumed flux. This chapter suggests the way to extract the various arc models for submerged arc welding process for single and multi-wire electrodes. As the droplet movements in submerged arc welding process are different from the arc current, this chapter tries to make the flux-wall guided droplet impingement models for low current value (I < 500 A) and spray droplet impingement model for high current value. In high current single electrode submerged arc welding, the molten pool flow pattern for different electrode angle and welding signal wave forms (DC and AC) are analyzed. This chapter also modeled and analyzed the molten pool behaviors for multi-wire electrodes in submerged arc welding process with an arc interaction models for different current values.

Keywords: computational fluid dynamics (CFD), submerged arc welding (SAW), molten pool flow, arc interaction, multi-wire electrode
