**11. Conclusion**

In summary, oncoplastic breast surgery has established a firm place in the global fight against breast cancer. Patients should be offered the appropriate range of surgical treatment options instead of the conventional two-operation strategy, prevalent for the past 40 years. Clinical discussions are therefore more complex and additional time and expertise is required to help patients with decision-making. Having a well-trained and experienced breast care nurse is invaluable in a busy oncoplastic breast practice. A multidisciplinary team approach is an integral part of modern cancer management with early contribution of clinical psychologists in selected cases. Developing an oncoplastic breast surgery practice from the ground up, can be time-consuming and challenging. It is possible to establish a modern oncoplastic breast surgical practice despite the usual constraints of a public health system and help women achieve a satisfactory cosmetic outcome combined with safe oncological treatment of their breast cancer.

Surgical residents should be trained to a high standard and accreditation of oncoplastic breast surgical training is crucial to avoid repeating the historical mistakes of the laparoscopic era. The Royal Australasian College of Surgeons has recently set up an oncoplastic breast surgery master's programme for post-fellowship trainees. This will become mandatory to help standardise clinical knowledge, technical expertise and competency levels with peer review and audit. Monash University, in Melbourne, Australia, has been tasked with monitoring all breast implants used in reconstructive surgery to ensure a national registry service for breast surgical prosthetic devices.

Whilst a detailed description of oncoplastic breast surgery has not been possible, this chapter hopes to offer a broad overview of modern surgical practice with emphasis on implant-based reconstruction.
