Preface

Chapter 8 **Musculoskeletal Injuries: Types and Management Protocols for**

Ahmad Subhy Alsheikhly and Mazin Subhy Alsheikhly

Chapter 10 **Emergency Management of Acute Ischaemic Stroke 229**

Chapter 12 **Problem of Burns in Children: Opportunities for Health**

Chapter 13 **New Horizons in Emergency Medicine Teaching and**

Ehab Said Aki, Waleed Awad Salem and Jalal Alessai

**Emergency Care 167**

**VI** Contents

**Emergencies 193** Shahzad Anjum

Ekanem Philip-Ephraim

**Improvement 275** Agata Maria Kawalec

**Section 3 Academic Approach 289**

**Training 291** Shahzad Anjum

Chapter 11 **Toxicology in Emergency Medicine 249**

Chapter 9 **Systematic Approach to Acute Cardiovascular**

As physicians, we have a constant passion for improving and maintaining patient's care and safety. Our journey in providing safe patient care in an accident and emergency setting has always been, and still is, one of the greatest challenges of health services. On a regular basis, healthcare professionals are facing sudden, unexpected, and potentially life-threatening con‐ ditions. These situations don't give much time for in-depth reflection, but they need thoughtful actions despite the demand for swift decisions. This, as known for most of us, is a time-critical pressure full of uncertainty, stress, high stakes, erratic team process, and or‐ ganizational shortcomings intermingling in an environment where good decisions and suc‐ cessful management is of paramount importance.

Acute surgical and medical care is not delivered by one person; instead it is provided through the combined efforts of professionals from various disciplines and specialties coop‐ erating for a patient's sake. Thus, knowledge of successful strategies for improving team performance will create a safer and more effective clinical environment.

This book focuses on the general concepts, essentials of diagnosis and treatment in addition to basic training principles for accidents and emergency medicine. It presents an effort to collect substantial and up-to-date existing knowledge and skills involving recent develop‐ ment in the acute care settings management. The chapters selected for this book are written by an excellent group of recognized emergency surgeons and physicians from different countries and cultures facilitating a comprehensive and interesting approach to the prob‐ lems of emergency treatment. All of them have their defined set of clinical and human fac‐ tors-related skills that enable them to manage critical situations.

There are two ways to read the book; the first way is to follow through the text according to its inner logic, while the second way is to read selected chapters. The book has a modular character in that every chapter stands alone and can be read without knowledge of previous ones. To avoid excessive redundancy, basic concepts are explained once at the start of the book and then cross-referenced.

The first part of the book addresses basic concepts and principles needed to understand and manage problems in the emergency department. While the second part follows structural and systematic basic cognitive architecture and essential thinking patterns of diagnosing and treating emergency cases in the acute care units. The last part focuses on the perspec‐ tives that organize performance of healthcare providers.

For us, this book has been a team effort. The process of writing has been a challenging yet fruitful time for each of us. We were grateful to learn a great deal from the different perspec‐ tives clinicians and colleagues have on the same problem and from the divergent approach in problem solving. I hope that the reader will benefit from this process as well.

We hope this book will be helpful and used worldwide by medical students, clinicians, and researchers enhancing their knowledge and advancing their objectives by a book that intends to become a reference text for research and practice within accident and emergency medicine.

> **Ahmed Subhy Alsheikhly** Hamad Medical Corporation / Weill-Cornell Medical College Qatar

**Section 1**

**General Principles**

**Section 1**

**General Principles**

tives clinicians and colleagues have on the same problem and from the divergent approach

We hope this book will be helpful and used worldwide by medical students, clinicians, and researchers enhancing their knowledge and advancing their objectives by a book that intends to become a reference text for research and practice within accident and emergency medicine.

**Ahmed Subhy Alsheikhly**

Qatar

Hamad Medical Corporation / Weill-Cornell Medical College

in problem solving. I hope that the reader will benefit from this process as well.

VIII Preface

**Chapter 1**

**Provisional chapter**

**Essentials in Accident and Emergency Medicine**

**Essentials in Accident and Emergency Medicine** 

DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.76863

© 2016 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

© 2018 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use,

distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

The discovery of radiation has enabled great healthcare advances as well as catastrophic injury. This paper reviews major historical incidents of public radiation exposure and the evolution of standards affecting today's public and health care workers. Current patient care and response assessment to radiation exposure are reviewed. The strengths of modern radiation therapy and the need for continuous process improvements to ensure optimal patient care and secure safe environments are identified. The discovery of radiation

Despite safety precautions and application of modern standards of radiation protection, injury from radiation can be generated from both intentional and unintentional situations

has brought significant scientific achievements as well as catastrophic injury.

**Keywords:** radiation, exposure, injury, therapy, safety

**Radiation Injury: Response and Treatment**

**Radiation Injury: Response and Treatment**

Thomas J. FitzGerald, Maryann Bishop-Jodoin, Killian Dickson, Yuan-Chyuan Lo, Carla Bradford,

Thomas J. FitzGerald, Maryann Bishop-Jodoin, Killian Dickson, Yuan-Chyuan Lo, Carla Bradford,

Jonathan Saleeby, I-lin Kuo, Elizabeth Bannon, Kenneth Ulin, David DeSantis, Sherri L. Shul,

Jonathan Saleeby, I-lin Kuo, Elizabeth Bannon, Kenneth Ulin, David DeSantis, Sherri L. Shul,

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.76863

Jean Quigley and Kathleen Briggs

Bashera Nochomowitz, Julie Trifone, Thomas Quinn, Catherine Whelan, Joshua Taylor, Maureen Britton, Shannon Higgins, Karen Morano, Jean Quigley and

Thomas Quinn, Catherine Whelan, Joshua Taylor, Maureen Britton, Shannon Higgins, Karen Morano,

Linda Ding, Jessica Hiatt, Harry Bushe,

Bashera Nochomowitz, Julie Trifone,

Linda Ding, Jessica Hiatt, Harry Bushe,

Kathleen Briggs

**Abstract**

**1. Introduction**

#### **Essentials in Accident and Emergency Medicine Radiation Injury: Response and Treatment Essentials in Accident and Emergency Medicine Radiation Injury: Response and Treatment**

DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.76863

Thomas J. FitzGerald, Maryann Bishop-Jodoin, Killian Dickson, Yuan-Chyuan Lo, Carla Bradford, Linda Ding, Jessica Hiatt, Harry Bushe, Jonathan Saleeby, I-lin Kuo, Elizabeth Bannon, Kenneth Ulin, David DeSantis, Sherri L. Shul, Bashera Nochomowitz, Julie Trifone, Thomas Quinn, Catherine Whelan, Joshua Taylor, Maureen Britton, Shannon Higgins, Karen Morano, Jean Quigley and Kathleen Briggs Thomas J. FitzGerald, Maryann Bishop-Jodoin, Killian Dickson, Yuan-Chyuan Lo, Carla Bradford, Linda Ding, Jessica Hiatt, Harry Bushe, Jonathan Saleeby, I-lin Kuo, Elizabeth Bannon, Kenneth Ulin, David DeSantis, Sherri L. Shul, Bashera Nochomowitz, Julie Trifone, Thomas Quinn, Catherine Whelan, Joshua Taylor, Maureen Britton, Shannon Higgins, Karen Morano, Jean Quigley and Kathleen Briggs

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.76863

#### **Abstract**

The discovery of radiation has enabled great healthcare advances as well as catastrophic injury. This paper reviews major historical incidents of public radiation exposure and the evolution of standards affecting today's public and health care workers. Current patient care and response assessment to radiation exposure are reviewed. The strengths of modern radiation therapy and the need for continuous process improvements to ensure optimal patient care and secure safe environments are identified. The discovery of radiation has brought significant scientific achievements as well as catastrophic injury.

**Keywords:** radiation, exposure, injury, therapy, safety
