**5. Nanomaterial, smart biomaterials and organic electronics**

One direction in the organic thin film transistor (OTFT) optimization consists in alternative OTFT technologies by new organic nanocomposites, selecting green routes.

A starting semiconductor of OTFT structure, suitable for optimization, is the pentacene. It posses the additional advantage to be already fully depicted inside the Atlas library. The simulated static characteristics prove the transistor effect, ensuring the drain current saturation, [42].

A special phenomenon observed by simulations is the volume conduction channel onset—a transport way that avoids interfaces vicinities, [43], **Figure 3a**. In an opposite manner, applying a low drain voltage, a weak conduction way occurs thru the channel, **Figure 3b**.

recycling electronic, bio-nanotechnologies, electronic reconversion, solar cells, supra-capacitors, new solution of energy generation, coupled to almost zero electronic power consumption. Fortunately, the microelectronic technology evolves to nanotechnology that means lower

Introductory Chapter: Green Electronics Starting from Nanotechnologies and Organic…

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.73312

9

Among representatives, few promising candidates were touched: the SOI, NOI and SON transistors, the tunnel-FETs and vacuum nanotransistors. The targeted nanostructured materials for Organic Thin Film Transistors are green polymers attached to nanocomposite. From the green industry point of view, these OTFTs are associated with a room temperature technol-

This work was developed by a grant of Ministry of Research and Innovation, CNCS - UEFISCDI, project number PN-III-P4-ID-PCE-2016-0480, within PNCDI III, project number 4/2017, acronym

1 Faculty of Electronics Telecommunications and Information Technology, Department of Electronic Device, Circuits and Architectures, Group of Biodevices and Nanoelectronics of

2 Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Material Science, Department of Organic Chemistry,

[1] European Commission Strategies [Internet]. 2017. Available from: http://ec.europa.eu/ geninfo/query/action?query\_source=RESEARCHPP&swlang=en&QueryText=green

[2] Kitthamkesorn S, Chen A. Alternate weibit-based model for assessing green transport systems with combined mode and route travel choices. Transportation Research Part B:

Methodological – Elsevier. 2017;**103**(9):291-310. DOI: 10.1016/j.trb.2017.04.011

"Costin Neniţescu", Politehnica University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania

sizes and by default the energy consumption decreases.

\* and Dan Eduard Mihaiescu2

Cells, "Politehnica" University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania

\*Address all correspondence to: cristian.ravariu@upb.ro

ogy, in absence of any expensive clean room.

**Acknowledgements**

**Conflict of interest**

**Author details**

Cristian Ravariu1

**References**

[Accessed: 2017-10-25]

There is no conflict of interest.

TFTNANOEL.

**Figure 3.** (a) The simulation results of a OTFT biased at VS = 0 V, VD = 40 V, VTG = −10 V and VBG ≤ 0V, emphasizing the conduction by a volume electron conduction channel; (b) the potential distribution in OTFT biased at VS = 0 V, VD = 4 V, VTG = −10 V and VBG = −30 V emphasizing a weak conduction regime.

The optimization process is starting from simulation firstly and is passing to producing secondly some Organic-TFT transistors, fabricated at room temperatures, avoiding expensive white rooms. Also, their applications are useful in green industries, with the huge advantage of low cost, a high economical impact and green eco-technologies of fabrication. Traditional organic semiconductors based on polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons like pentacene [44] are susceptible to processing problems related to the high toxicity/carcinogenic of the precursors [45]. Therefore, there are strongly envisaged OTFTs with green polymers grafted on the Nano-Core-Shells (NCS) structured materials or alternative nanocomposites, appealing to green chemistry synthesis routes.

For the experimental synthesis of semiconductors are considered those green polymers without carcinogenic precursors, suitable for multi-shell assembling on ferrite nanocore. A surface polymerization of polymer attaches a multi-shell structures of type Fe3O4 /Cu/Ag/Au-shell of stabilization-shell conductor polymer. The polymer grafting of the np's surface can be demonstrated by FT-IR and RAMAN tests.

On the other hand, the nanomaterials that are suitable to assemble smart bio-film, can be adapted to assemble organic semiconductors, too. In this sense, the Gold nanoparticles are very promising due to their applications, as catalysts, biosensing, photodynamic therapy, drugs delivery, and also in electronics [46]. The optoelectronics applicability occurs due to their quantum size effect, under the interaction between light and electrons onto the surface of the gold nanoparticles, [47]. Gold nanoparticles—AuNP - dendrimer structures match the therapeutic properties of AuNP with the dendrimers reactivity offering special properties for the cellular membrane transport.
