**Author details**

**Cardiovascular system:** ECG and blood pressure monitor should be continued during waking and compilation. It should not be forgotten that arthroplasty patients are elderly and cardiovascular comorbid diseases can be found and the risk of postoperative cardiac complications is high. The most important factor affecting mortality in geriatric patients is the current co-morbidities. Increase in troponin I is important in postoperative follow-up due to

**Assessment of neuromuscular functions (NMF)** is done by physical examination and neuro-

**Body heat:** Preservation of normothermia and periodic body temperature measurements should be made to prevent hypothermia, and heaters should be used if necessary. Both anesthesia recovery and postoperative patient comfort are important. In the treatment of thyroid

**Thromboemboli:** Prophylactic anticoagulants, early mobilization, intermittent pneumatic compression devices, compression socks and neuro-axial anesthesia can reduce thromboembolic complications. Continuation of acetyl salicylic acid therapy is recommended in elderly

**Nausea and vomiting**: Periodic control of nausea and vomiting is important to detect complications. In the treatment of nausea and vomiting, 5-HT3 antagonists, tranquilizers/neurolep-

**Renal functions:** Urinary retention is a common complication. It is especially more common after epidural anesthesia. This complication does not occur in peripheral nerve blocks.

**Cognitive changes**: Cognitive changes after hip fracture operations are common in elderly patients. There are studies showing that short-term cognitive changes are less frequent after

Pain management in hip fracture operations is multimodal. The combined use of different effect mechanistic analgesics provides less pain relief resulting in less opioid use and less

Inadequate postoperative pain treatment causes prolonged hospitalization and additional malignancy. Inadequate pain management leads to the chronicity of the pain and the decrease

Intraoperative analgesic treatment from the preoperative epidural catheter ensures that the patient does not have pain at the end of the operation. The patient can return to daily activities more quickly. Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) technique is frequently used in postoperative pain management. It can be administered via peripheral intravenous or epidural catheter.

disease, agents such as low-dose meperidine and tramadol can also be used.

patients. The use of regional anesthesia and anticoagulation is still controversial.

tics, scopolamine, dexamethasone, antihistamines or metoclopramide may be used.

spinal anesthesia. However, there was no difference in the long term.

**15. Postoperative analgesia methods in hip fracture surgery**

Peripheral nerve blocks can also be provided with PCA using catheter.

myocardial ischemia.

complications [15].

in the quality of life of the patient.

muscular block monitors.

62 Total Hip Replacement - An Overview

Guldeniz Argun

Address all correspondence to: guldargun@yahoo.com

Departmant of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Ankara, Turkey
