Preface

**Section 3 Bioethics and Technology 121**

**VI** Contents

Bañuelos

**Healthcare in Africa 123** Solomon Tekle Abegaz

**Teaching and Scientific 151**

**Section 5 Selected Topics of Bioethics 167**

David Gareth Jones

Chapter 7 **Marching for 3D Printing: Its Potential to Promoting Access to**

Tomás Alejandro Fregoso Aguilar and Elizabeth Guarneros

Barrientos-Alvarado and María Elena Hernández-Campos

Chapter 10 **An Exploration of Religiously Based Opposition to Clinical and Scientific Interference with the Embryo 169**

Liliana Anguiano-Robledo, Claudia C. Calzada-Mendoza, Cornelio

**Section 4 Bioethics in the Use of Experimental Animals 137**

Chapter 8 **Bioethics in the Use of Experimental Animals 139**

Chapter 9 **Alternatives to Animal Experimentation: Its Institutional**

The book *Reflections on Bioethics* is an effort that brings together works grouped into the following five sections: "Bioethics and Health," "Bioethics and Education," "Bioethics and Technology," "Bioethics in the Use of Experimental Animals," and "Selected Topics of Bioethics." The funda‐ mental concepts of bioethics are approached in each of these sections, as is their relationship with each of these branches of knowledge. The purpose is to deliver to the reader a document of specif‐ ic themes. It is not intended to be a treaty, in which the study of any of the five sections is very broad. However, this is an endeavor that achieves amalgamating, into the interdiscipline, themes that are basic for professionals in all fields of knowledge.

Themes of great interest that are related with the bioethics of health, such as the theme of bioethi‐ cal approach to patients in menopause, are presented in the book. This chapter, developed by Dr. Claudia Calzada and her investigation group, addresses clinical investigation, informed consent, the importance of this lifestage to a woman, and how to provide dignified treatment to these pa‐ tients. The teaching of ethics and bioethics in institutions of higher education is very important because human beings, in their behavior and development within their entire social, familial, pro‐ fessional, and occupational surroundings, should act in a responsible manner, always guided by the principles of iron in ethics and bioethics. Moreover, as students have their formative period at middle-upper and upper educational levels, ethics and bioethics should be taught at this time.

The use of technology at present is of utmost importance for the development of life as we know it. Thus, its direct application in humans, for example, in health, should be employed with un‐ questionable bioethical principles and, in this fashion, be focused on improving the quality of life of human beings. The use of laboratory animals is highly important for basic investigation and so its usefulness in the clinic for any type of disease or in the search for new knowledge. Due to the latter, all experimentation animals should be used correctly, ethically, and bioethically. Excellent chapters are developed on the theme of bioethics and the use of experimental animals by Drs. Liliana Anguiano and Tomás Fregoso. Each of the themes under this heading of select topics of this book is very interesting and extraordinarily developed.

My congratulations go to each of the authors for their chapters in the book *Reflections on Bioethics*, for their absolute commitment to the "should be," and above all to the ethical and bioethical prin‐ ciples in each of their knowledge fields.

> **Dr. José Antonio Morales-González** Laboratorio de Medicina de Conservación Escuela Superior de Medicina Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México

**Dr. María Eugenia Aguilar-Nájera** Coordinadora de la Maestría en Bioética Escuela Superior de Medicina Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México

**Section 1**

**Bioethics and Health**

**Section 1**
