**10. Application and adaptability**

AFC has attractive properties that ensure further development and applications of this technology. It can be easily combined with green roofs to create electricity where photosynthetic and electrochemical reactions are carried out by a continuously growing population of microorganisms in living solar cells. This makes the system capable of self-repair, giving long lifetime and low maintenance. Moreover, using these reproducing organisms living in solar cells does not require any special catalysts that in solar cells are costly and toxic. Therefore, it can be used in natural surroundings with no risk of pollution. AFC also has organic material as intermediate energy carriers between the photosynthetic and the electrochemical portions of the cell which help them in generating electricity at night [48]. Closed loop AFC systems can preserve nutrients for the organisms which enable long-term, low-maintenance power production. Integrated AFC will add value to other applications such as food, agriculture, biomass for bio-energy production etc. [49, 50]. Similarly, it can be coupled with wastewater and surface water treatment to supply extra organic matter for energy production and in turns providing treated water [51].
