**5. Conclusions**

GNSS performance relies on the antenna, front-end receiver, and DSP algorithms utilized in the software. Antenna, being the first element in the reception chain, plays a key role in retrieving PNT information. Antenna specifications based on the expected performance of the GNSS receiver were reviewed and discussed in detail. Common forms of antennas ranging from high end to low-cost applications were presented. Front-end receiver configurations and elements were outlined for GNSS performance. Low-IF digital configuration was recommended for best receiver performance. This review should especially help algorithm developers in choosing the right antenna and receiver configuration.
