**2. Experimental**

to survive and perform daily activities. Its quality directly affects the health and well-being of society [1]. The second corresponds to the use of water as the main raw material for the manufacture of some products and the operation of production processes. The interaction of water with the environment is influenced by the water quality that both society and the industrial

Each type of industry has a particular interest in the care of water quality and its reuse, which is why day by day, they require new strategies to treat and recycle the wastewater they generate in the different production processes [1]. Water quality is affected by various chemical

In general, the main pollutants that are identified in the industrial wastewater are suspended particles, organic matter, heavy metals, the hardness of the water and fats and oils [2]. One of the pollutants frequently present in the industrial wastewater is suspended particles or solids. According to the nature of the production processes, the particles in suspension can be organic and inorganic and can be present in different particle sizes. The content of organic matter in industrial wastewater is attributed to the organic compounds (colorants, additives, nutrients, carbohydrates, etc.) that can be biodegradable or difficult to be degraded, and that are incorporated into the water at the time of use [3]. The levels of concentration in which these contaminants or undesirable substances are present in the wastewater are directly related to the operating conditions of the productive processes. The presence of these pollutants in the water causes an impact on the efficiency of the production processes, limits the reuse of water, increases the consumption of clean water, the discharge of the wastewater generated contaminates the water bodies, and this implies sanctions to the industry for exceeding the maximum

There is an urgent need of environmentally friendly and cheaper technologies to eliminate the

Several methods that have been developed to eliminate these present pollutants from wastewater are as follows: reverse osmosis, solvent extraction, coagulation-flocculation, membrane separation, chemical precipitation, advanced oxidation processes, ion exchange, evaporation, electrolysis [4–6], photochemical [7], activated sludge [8], anaerobic and aerobic treatment [9, 10], electrodialysis [11], ultrasonic treatment [12], magnetic separation [13] and adsorption [14–16]. As part of the integral management of water in the industry, the development of environmentally friendly technologies is involved. In this chapter, we propose one of the strategies to restore the water quality (decontaminate, purify, remove undesirable substances for a specific use), which consists of the application of natural functional polymeric materials in physicochemical/electrochemical systems for the elimination of contaminants [17]. One of the simple and efficient methods for the separation of various types of contaminants is coagulation-flocculation, in which chemical substances are used as synthetic coagulant-flocculating agents (polyelectrolytes) [18]. However, in order to employ the different renewable sources, which are rich in polymeric materials and available in the region, as shrimp waste from the fishing industry will be used as a raw material for the production of functional polyelectrolytes and give it an added value. Due to the type of interactions that occur at a molecular level between the contaminants and the polyelectrolytes in the coagulation-flocculation processes, the zeta

substances that dissolve in water used in each stage of the manufacturing process.

permissible limits at the effluent discharge point [3].

chemical toxicants from wastewater to improve the water quality.

sector confer on water.

128 Wastewater and Water Quality
