**Author details**

Sana Ouali1 \*, Omar Guermazi<sup>1</sup> , Fatma Guermazi<sup>2</sup> , Manel Ben Halima<sup>1</sup> , Selim Boudiche<sup>1</sup> , Nadim Khedher1 , Fathia Meghaieth1 , Abdeljalil Farhati<sup>1</sup> , Noureddine Larbi<sup>1</sup> and Mohamed Sami Mourali1

[11] McCord J, Jneid H, Hollander JE, De Lemos JA, Cercek B, Hsue P, et al. Management of cocaine-associated chest pain and myocardial infarction: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association acute cardiac care committee of the council on clinical

Drug Abuse-Induced Cardiac Arrhythmias: Mechanisms and Management

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.76022

189

[12] Beckman KJ, Parker RB, Hariman RJ, Gallastegui JL, Javaid JI, Bauman JL. Hemodynamic and electrophysiological actions of cocaine. Effects of sodium bicarbonate as an antidote

[13] Winecoff AP, Hariman RJ, Grawe JJ, Wang Y, Bauman JL. Reversal of the electrocardiographic effects of cocaine by lidocaine. Part 1. Comparison with sodium bicarbonate and

[14] Derlet RW, Albertson TE, Tharratt RS. Lidocaine potentiation of cocaine toxicity. Annals

[15] Littmann L, Monroe MH, Svenson RH. Brugada-type electrocardiographic pattern

[16] Bebarta VS, Summers S. Brugada electrocardiographic pattern induced by cocaine toxic-

[17] El Mazloum R, Snenghi R, Zorzi A, Zilio F, Dorigo A, Montisci R, Corrado D, Montisci M. Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest after acute cocaine intoxication associated with Brugada ECG patterns: Insights into physiopathologic mechanisms and implications for therapy.

[18] Singh N, Singh HK, Singh PP, Khan IA. Cocaine-induced torsades de pointes in idiopathic long Q-T syndrome. American Journal of Therapeutics. 2001;**8**(4):299-302

[19] Kimura S, Bassett AL, Xi H, Myerburg RJ. Early afterdepolarizations and triggered activity induced by cocaine. A possible mechanism of cocaine arrhythmogenesis. Circulation.

[20] Perera R, Kraebber A, Schwartz MJ. Prolonged QT interval and cocaine use. Journal of

[21] Riaz K, McCullough PA. Fatal case of delayed repolarization due to cocaine abuse and

[22] Sorajja D, Munger TM, Shen W-K. Optimal antiarrhythmic drug therapy for electrical

[23] Vongpatanasin W, Mansour Y, Chavoshan B, et al. Cocaine stimulates the human cardiovascular system via a central mechanism of action. Circulation. 1999;**100**:497-502 [24] Sofuoglu M, Nelson D, Babb DA, et al. Intravenous cocaine increases plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine in humans. Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior.

[25] Lange RA, Hills LD. Cardiovascular complications of cocaine use. The New England

global ischemia. Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine. 2003;**4**(1):47-53

storm. The Journal of Biomedical Research. 2015;**29**(1):20-34

induced by cocaine. Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 2000;**75**(8):845-849

ity. Annals of Emergency Medicine. 2007;**49**(6):827-829

International Journal of Cardiology. 2015;**195**:245-249

1992;**85**(6):2227-2235

2001;**68**:455-459

Electrocardiology. 1997;**30**(4):337-339

Journal of Medicine. 2001;**345**:351-358

cardiology. Circulation. 2008;**117**(14):1897-1907

quinidine. Pharmacotherapy. 1994;**14**(6):704-711

of Emergency Medicine. 1991;**20**(2):135-138

in dogs. Circulation. 1991;**83**(5):1799-1807

