**Author details**

#### Ana Hadiana

**3.6. Recommendation of design elements**

**ii.** Calculate the average of all ranges

recommended as follows:

**v.** Header has an image **vi.** Top menu font: small

**ii.** Font type: Arial **iii.** Font size: 10px

116 Trends in E-learning

**i.** Background color: gray

**iv.** Header background color: green

**vii.** Top menu position: above header

**viii.**Body menu position: center

**x.** Search bar position: top right

can be changed with different values.

**ix.** Body menu type: icon

**4. Conclusion**

design element, using procedure as follows [12]:

Otherwise, the category has low impact.

**i.** Calculate the range of each category of elements

For further analysis to support interface design, it needs to calculate the importance of each

**iii.** Compare the average with each range of category; if range of category is bigger than the average, it means that the element of this category has high impacts on interface design.

According to the result shown in **Table 9**, the emotion of harmony-based design elements of interface of e-Learning is focused on element that has high impact. E-Learning's interface is

Other elements which have low impact are still considered as alternative design element; it

This chapter explores the potential of Kansei engineering implementation in e-Learning analysis and design. E-Learning development is lacking in terms of defining the emotional aspects for design. Thus, this chapter has attempted to engineer emotion in e-Learning system design

Kansei engineering has been adopted to analyze learners' psychological needs and desire in an e-Learning system. In this study, psychological factors are represented by Kansei words to classify them into the concept of emotion in e-Learning systems. Using principal component analysis, factor analysis, and partial least square, this study finds that harmony is the emotion

that has the highest influence to the design concept of interface of e-Learning systems.

to fill in the gap of design requirements geared to learners' emotional responses.

Address all correspondence to: anahadiana68@gmail.com

Research Center for Informatics (P2I)-LIPI, STMIK-LIKMI, Bandung, Indonesia
