*2.12.13. Plectranthus strigosus*

9 abietanes (parviflorones A (**183**), B (**184**), C (**185**), D (**114**), E (**186**), F (**115**), G (**187**), and H (**188**) [83], and hinokiol (**189**)) [84]), 3 kauranes (*ent*-16-kauren-19-ol (**190**), *ent*-16-kauren-19 oic acid (**191**), xylopic acid (**192**), xylopinic acid (**193**)), and 2 sesquiterpens (4*β*,6*β*-dihydroxy-1*α*,5*β*(H)-guai-9-ene (**194**) 4*β*,6*β*-dihydroxy-1*α*,5*β*(H)-guai-10(14)-ene (**195**)), were isolated [84]. A bioactivity study revealed herpetic inhibitory properties for (**190**) and (**191**) [84].

*2.13.1. Salvia africana-lutea*

*2.13.2. Salvia chamelaeagnea*

*2.13.3. Salvia coccinea*

(**204**) [88] were isolated.

*2.13.4. Salvia disermas*

*2.13.5. Salvia radula*

*2.13.6. Salvia reflexa*

*2.13.7. Salvia repens*

*2.13.8. Salvia verbenaca*

**2.14.** *Solenostemon* **genus**

ity against a breast (MCF-7) human cancer cell line [45].

ursolic acids as the active principles against *S. aureus* [85].

The aerial parts afforded ocotillol II (**205**) [89].

Betulafolientriol oxide (**206**) was isolated [90].

oclerodane, 7,8-didehydrorhyacophiline (**210**) [91].

verbenacine (**212**) and salvinine (**213**) [95].

Carnosol (**196**), rosmadial (**197**), and carnosic acid (**198**-characterized as its methyl ester) were isolated. Compound **198** exhibited potent activity against *M. tuberculosis* and cytotoxic activ-

Chemistry of South African Lamiaceae: Structures and Biological Activity of Terpenoids

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.77399

27

Four compounds were isolated: carnosol (**196**), 7-O-methylepirosmanol (**200**), oleanolic and

Momordic acid, methyl ester (**201)** [86], salviacoccin (**202**) [87], dehydrouvaol (**203**), and uvaol

Four neoclerodanes were isolated and identified as salviarin (**207**), 6*β*-hydroxysalviarin(**208**), 15,16-epoxy-8*α*-hydroxyneocleroda-2,13(16),14-triene-17,12*R*:18,19-diolide (**209**), and 5,6-sec-

The whole plant extract yielded 12-methoxycarnosic acid (**199**) with antiprotozoal activity

The plant yielded *β*-sitosterol, ursolic acid, dehydroursolic acid, sitosteryl-3-*β*-D-glucoside [93], taxodione (**211**), horminone (**150**) and 7*α*-acetoxy-6*β*-hydroxyroyleanone (**102**) [94],

*Solenostemon* genus is from *S. rotundifolius*; oleanolic acid was isolated as a major component [96].

against *Leishmania donovani* amastigotes and cytotoxicity against the L6-cells [92].
