*3.3.2.1.3. Indole diterpenes from marine A. flavus*

The marine *Aspergillus flavus* had provided 4b-deoxy-β-aflatrem (1),9-isopentenyl paxilline (2), 6,8-di-*O*-methylcitreoisocoumarin (3), β-aflatrem (4), and paspaline (5). 4b-Deoxy-β-aflatrem

Diterpenes from Different Fungal Sources and Their 13C-NMR Data http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.79186 


drechmerin E (42), drechmerin F (43), drechmerin G (44), terpendole A (45), terpendole C (46),

The 13C-NMR spectrum of drechmerin exhibited 28 carbon resonances, comprising 8 aromatic carbons, 4 oxygenated carbons, 6 methylene carbons, 2 methine carbons, 3 quaternary car-

The marine *Aspergillus flavus* had provided 4b-deoxy-β-aflatrem (1),9-isopentenyl paxilline (2), 6,8-di-*O*-methylcitreoisocoumarin (3), β-aflatrem (4), and paspaline (5). 4b-Deoxy-β-aflatrem

bons, and 5 methyl carbons [100]. The detail of 13C-NMR data is given in **Table 3**.

terpendole I (47), and dehydroxypaxilline (48) [99] (**Figure 16**).

*3.3.2.1.3. Indole diterpenes from marine A. flavus*

**Figure 16.** Indole diterpenes from (1–11) *Drechmeria* sp. [99].

Terpenes and Terpenoids


**Table 3.** 13C-NMR data of indole diterpenoids.

(C32H39NO3 ) exhibits 14 degrees of unsaturation and consists of an indole chromophore and a carbonyl group. As per 13C-NMR spectrum, the respective structure owns resemblance to β-aflatrem, except that a methine replaced an oxygenated quaternary carbon, thereby resulting in an isopentenylated indole diterpenoid. Moreover, 9-isopentenyl paxilline (C32H39NO4 ) comprised hexacyclic indole diterpenoid skeleton [100] (**Figure 17**).

*3.3.2.1.4. Penitrem D from Penicillium crustosum*

**Figure 18.** Structure and compound isolated from *P. crustosum* [102].

*3.3.2.1.5. Emindole SB from Emericella striata*

*3.3.2.1.6. Paspaline obtained from Claviceps paspali*

**Figure 19.** Structure and compound isolated from E. striata [103].

with 9 rings, an indole core, and 11 stereocenters [101] (**Figure 18**).

) was first isolated from *P. crustosum* in 1983. It is a complex structure

Diterpenes from Different Fungal Sources and Their 13C-NMR Data

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133

) in 1966.

The mycelium of *E. striata* was reported to naturally produce emindole SB (C28H39NO). In its structure an indole unit fused to a tricyclic carbon scaffold, and it presented six stereocenters, including vicinal quaternary centers on the western cyclohexyl ring [103]

The structure owes similarity with emindole SB but contains one more ring comparatively

The ergot fungus *Claviceps paspali* was found to be the source of paspaline (C28H39NO2

Penitrem D (C37H45NO4

(**Figure 19**).

[104] (**Figure 20**).

**Figure 17.** Skeleton by NMR indole diterpenes from *A. flavus* [100].

**Figure 18.** Structure and compound isolated from *P. crustosum* [102].
