**Chemistry of South African Lamiaceae: Structures and Biological Activity of Terpenoids Chemistry of South African Lamiaceae: Structures and Biological Activity of Terpenoids**

DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.77399

Ahmed A. Hussein Ahmed A. Hussein

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12 Terpenes and Terpenoids

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Additional information is available at the end of the chapter Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.77399

### **Abstract**

South Africa flora is one of the most important mega floras with high endemic species percentage. Lamiaceae is an important family in South Africa with ±308 species in 41 genera and contains many important plants (~23%) traditionally used for treatment of different human diseases. The chemical profile of Lamiaceae is very rich in terpenoids in general and more specifically diterpenes. Genera like *Leonotis* and *Plectranthus* are well studied, while on the other hand, genus like *Stachys* (~41 species, ~50% endemic) didn't receive any attention. Different classes of diterpenes were identified and some of them demonstrating important biological activities.

**Keywords:** South African flora, Lamiaceae, *Leonotis*, *Plectranthus*, chemical constituents, terpenoids

*This work is dedicated to Prof. Benjamin Rodriguez (Instituto de Quimica Organic General, CSIC, Spain) for his contributions in the field of natural products and specially in the chemistry of Lamiaceae family.*
