*3.3.2.1.5. Emindole SB from Emericella striata*

(C32H39NO3

a13C-NMR at a 125 MHz. b13C-NMR at 75 MHz in CDCl3

c13C-NMR at 150 MHz CD3

.

OD. g13C-NMR at 125 MHz for 13C, measured in DMSO-d6.

**Table 3.** 13C-NMR data of indole diterpenoids.

**Carbon Number**

132 Terpenes and Terpenoids

 19.8 19.8 142.5 142.5 110.7 110.7 19.9 19.8 16.9 17.1

) exhibits 14 degrees of unsaturation and consists of an indole chromophore and

)

a carbonyl group. As per 13C-NMR spectrum, the respective structure owns resemblance to β-aflatrem, except that a methine replaced an oxygenated quaternary carbon, thereby resulting in an isopentenylated indole diterpenoid. Moreover, 9-isopentenyl paxilline (C32H39NO4

**Compound 36g 37g 38c 39c 40c 41c 42c 43c 44c**

**5'** 29.0 29.0 26.1 21.3 21.7 20.6

**Ref.** [98] [98] [99] [99] [99] [99] [99] [99] [99]

comprised hexacyclic indole diterpenoid skeleton [100] (**Figure 17**).

**Figure 17.** Skeleton by NMR indole diterpenes from *A. flavus* [100].

The mycelium of *E. striata* was reported to naturally produce emindole SB (C28H39NO). In its structure an indole unit fused to a tricyclic carbon scaffold, and it presented six stereocenters, including vicinal quaternary centers on the western cyclohexyl ring [103] (**Figure 19**).

#### *3.3.2.1.6. Paspaline obtained from Claviceps paspali*

The ergot fungus *Claviceps paspali* was found to be the source of paspaline (C28H39NO2 ) in 1966. The structure owes similarity with emindole SB but contains one more ring comparatively [104] (**Figure 20**).

**Figure 19.** Structure and compound isolated from E. striata [103].

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**Figure 20.** Structure and compound isolate from *Claviceps paspali* [104].

### *3.3.2.2. Biological activity*

The indole diterpenes, famously called tremorgenic mycotoxins, put forward promising insecticidal potential via regulation of their glutamategated chloride ion channels [105], antibiotic activity [107, 108], antiproliferative against human breast cancer cells [109], and antifungal efficacy [110].
