*3.3.1.1.1. Cythane diterpenes from Cyathus gansuensis*

*Cyathus gansuensis* was reported in 2002 and produced valuable bioactive metabolites from fermented grains of barley and rice [13] by transformation. Recently, seven new [85] metabolites (8–14) named have been isolated from fruiting body of *C. gansuensis* as presented in **Figure 9**. The L69 fungal strain was used to isolate these compounds (8–14).

Biological activity: NO inhibition activity was tested on mouse monocyte, macrophages. Seven newly discovered cyathane diterpene derivatives showed inhibitory activity against the NO production in LPS-activated macrophages. The fungus can be a good choice for a transformation on a large scale to acquire enough pure metabolites for the future [85].

13C-NMR structural elucidation: The detail of 13C-NMR is presented in **Table 2**. 13C-NMR data for compounds 8–14 revealed 20 carbons ascribable for 4 methyls, 4 methylenes (one oxygenated), 4 methines (two oxygenated), two quaternary carbons, and six sp<sup>2</sup> carbons. According to NMR and HRTOFMS at m/z 341.2079, [M + Na] + presented molecular formula of 8 and 9 (cyathin J and K) as C20H30O3 (six degrees of unsaturation), 10 (cyathin L) C22H32O5 (seven degrees of unsaturation degrees), 11 (cyathin M) C20H30O5 (six degrees of unsaturation), 12 (cyathin N) C20H28O5 (seven degrees of unsaturation), 13 (cyathin O) C20H30O5 (six degrees of unsaturation), and 14 (cyathin P) C20H28O5 (seven degrees of unsaturation) [85].
