**Acknowledgements**

should be given to HRS and IRIS to compensate their increased transportation cost to deliver the biodegradable waste to Leknes, and this may also be achieved through implementing a lower entrance fee of the MBT plant. Besides, the successful example of using biofuels in the

**Unit fuel consumption** 

(3)Calculated on Google map. (4)Including ferry boat transport.

200 Energy Systems and Environment

(1)Calculated based upon Energilink [67].

• Large amount production of biofuels • Production of bio-rest/fertilizer • Increased use of biofuels in transport

industry and waste treatment • Less environmental impact

• Less GHG emissions from agriculture, livestock

**Table 6.** Estimated fuel consumption and CO<sup>2</sup>

**Opportunities Challenges**

**Table 7.** Opportunities and challenges of bioenergy production in Nordland County.

**Annual transport distance** 

LAS (local area) 0.58 24,000 13,920 37.4 RENO VEST 0.42 38,896 16,336 44 HRS, Harstad 0.48 62,660 30,077 39 HRS, Narvik 0.48 64,480 30,950 40 IRIS, Bodø 0.48 21,538 10,333 13 Total 211,564 101,616 173.4

**Waste management company Estimated waste (ton/year) Distance to Leknes (km)(3)**

Leknes (LAS)(1) 3400 0 Bodø (IRIS)(2) 5000 160(4) Harstad (HRS)(2) 2300 263 Sortland (RENO VEST)(2) 2200 183 Narvik (HRS)(2) 2200 305

**Fuel consumption** 

**CO2**

• Increased costs for the transportation of biodegradable

• Increased investment on bioenergy production in cold

emission from the transportation of

emission related to the distribution of

**year)(1)**

 **emission (ton/**

**(L/year)**

emissions from the transportation.

• Increased CO<sup>2</sup>

• Cost and CO<sup>2</sup>

biodegradable waste

• Uncertain market demands

biofuels and bio-rest to potential market

waste

climate

**(km/year)**

**Table 5.** Generation of biodegradable waste in Nordland County.

(1)Including the biodegradable waste from slaughterhouse. (2)Data given by relevant waste management companies.

**(L/km)**

This project is supported by the Norwegian Research Council/VRI-Nordland (Commitment 2012-0446) under strategy to promote renewable energy production in Nordland County. The article processing charge is financially supported by the Open Access Fund from UiT—The Arctic University of Norway.
